Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – May 7, 2018

The Cabinet Mission of 1946  aimed to discuss the transfer of power from the British government to the Indian leadership, with the aim of preserving India’s unity and granting it independence.

3 members of the British Cabinet – Pattrick Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps and A V Alexander – were sent to India, known as the Cabinet Mission.

Main features of Cabinet Mission were –

• Provisions for three groups of provinces to possess their separate constitutions.
• Proposed the formation of a Union of India, comprising both the British India and the Princely States.
• Union would remain in charge of only foreign affairs, defence and communications leaving the residuary powers to be vested in the provinces.
• Proposed setting up an Interim Government, which would remain in office till a new government was elected on the basis of the new Constitution framed by the Constituent Assembly
• Rejection of the demand for a full-fledged Pakistan

The two Rash Behari In Indian national movement

Rash Behari Bose-

He was a revolutionary leader against the British Raj in India and was one of the key organisers of the Ghadar Mutiny and later, the Indian National Army.He made failed assassination attempt on Lord Hardinge .

Rash Behari Ghosh-

He was an Indian politician, lawyer, social worker and philanthropist.

He served as the President of the Congress for two terms (Surat, 1907 and Madras, 1908)

The Eka meetings were marked by a religious ritual in which a hole that represented the river Ganges was dug in the ground and filled with water, a priest was brought in to preside and the assembled peasants ‘owed that they would pay only the recorded rent but pay it on time, would not leave when ejected, would refuse to do forced labour, would give no help to criminals and abide by the panchayat’s decisions.

However, unlike the earlier Kisan Sabha movement that was based almost solely on tenants, the Eka Movement included in its ranks many small zamindars who found themselves disenchanted with the Government because of its heavy land revenue demand. By March 1922, however, severe repression on the part of the authorities succeeded in bringing the Eka Movement to its end.

Both statements are correct.

When Lord Curzon, then Viceroy of India, announced the partition of Bengal in July 1905, Indian National Congress, initiated Swadeshi movement in Bengal. Swadeshi movement was launched as a protest movement which also gave a lead to the Boycott movement in the country.

The British policy of consciously attempting to use communalism to turn the Muslims against the Swadeshi Movement was to a largely responsible for low support of Muslims in swadeshi movement.

Chauri Chaura Incident occurred when a large group of protester’s, participating in the Non-cooperation movement clashed with police, who in return opened fire.

In retaliation the demonstrators attacked and set fire to a police station, killing all of its occupants. The incident led to the deaths of three civilians and 22 or 23 policemen. In reaction to this incidence Mahatma Gandhi halted the Non-cooperation as he was strictly against violence.

In response to killing of the police, the British authorities declared martial law in and around Chauri Chaura.

Several raids were conducted and hundreds of people were arrested.

Gandhi was also arrested and sentenced to six years of imprisonment but was later released in February 1924 on grounds of ill health.

Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutt threw the bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly against passage of the Public Safety Bill and the Trade Disputes Bill. Bomb was harmless and no one was killed.

The objective was to get arrested and to use the trial court as a forum for propaganda so that people would become familiar with their movement and ideology.

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, who was educated at the famous Al Azhar University at Cairo and who propagated his rationalist and nationalist ideas in his newspaper Al Hilal was secular and not communal.