Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – November 1

Ninety-Seventh Amendment Act, 2011

It gave a constitutional status and protection to co-operative societies. In this context, it made the following three changes in the constitution:

1. It made the right to form co-operative societies a fundamental right (Article 19).
2. It included a new Directive Principle of State Policy on promotion of co-operative societies (Article 43-B).
3. It added a new Part IX-B in the constitution which is entitled as “The Co-operative societies” (Articles 243-ZH to 243-ZT)

Table of precedence (top 7)

1. President
2. Vice-President
3. Prime Minister
4. Governors of states within their respective states
5. Former presidents
6. Deputy Prime Minister
7. Chief Justice of India Speaker of LokSabha
8. Cabinet Ministers of the Union Chief Ministers of States within their respective States Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission Former Prime Ministers Leaders of Opposition in RajyaSabha and LokSabha

Various unions have been formed to represent the student community. However, these unions, like the trade unions, are also affiliated to various political parties.

Some of the important Student Unions are :

• AkhilaBhartiyaVidyarthiParishad (ABVP) (affiliated to BJP)
• All India Students Federation (AISF) (affiliated to CPI)
• National Students Union of India (NSUI) (affiliated to Indian National Congress (I))
• Progressive Students Union (PSU) (affiliated to CPM)

All the above statements are correct

Chief Minister. Article 164 only says that the Chief Minister shall be appointed by the governor. However, this does not imply that the governor is free to appoint any one as the Chief Minister. In accordance with the convections of the parliamentary system of government, the governor has to appoint the leader of the majority party in the state legislative assembly as the Chief Minister.

But, when no party has a clear majority in the assembly, then the governor may exercise his personal discretion in the selection and appointment of the Chief Minister. In such a situation, the governor usually appoints the leader of the largest party or coalition in the assembly as the Chief Minister and ask him to seek a vote of confidence in the House within a month.

The governor may first appoint him as the Chief Minister and then ask him to prove his majority in the legislative assembly within a reasonable period. This is what has been done in a number of cases.

A person who is not a member of the state legislature can be appointed as Chief Minister for six

months, within which time, he should be elected to the state legislature, failing which he ceases to be the Chief Minister.3

According to the Constitution, the Chief Minister may be a member of any of the two Houses of a state legislature. Usually Chief Ministers have been selected from the Lower House (legislative assembly), but, on a number of occasions, a member of the Upper House (legislative council) has also been appointed as Chief Minister.

Articles 52 to 78 in Part V of the Constitution deal with the Union executive.

The Union executive consists of the President, the Vice-President, the Prime Minister, the council of ministers and the attorney general of India. The President is the head of the Indian State. He is the first citizen of India and acts as the symbol of unity, integrity and solidarity of the nation.

2 and 3 are incorrectly matched

The veto power enjoyed by the executive in modern states can be classified into the following four types:

1. Absolute veto, that is, withholding of assent to the bill passed by the legislature.
2. Qualified veto, which can be overridden by the legislature with a higher majority.
3. Suspensive veto, which can be over ridden by the legislature with an ordinary majority.
4. Pocket veto, that is, taking no action on the bill passed by the legislature.

Note:  Of the above four, the President of India is vested with three—absolute veto, suspensive veto and pocket veto.There is no qualified veto in the case of Indian President; it is possessed by the American President.

Statement 1 is correct.

A municipal corporation has three authorities, namely, the council, the standing committees and the commissioner.

• The Council is the deliberative and legislative wing of the corporation. It consists of the Councillors directly elected by the people, as well as a few nominated persons having knowledge or experience of municipal administration.

Statement 2 is Incorrect

• The Council is headed by a Mayor. He is assisted by a Deputy Mayor. He is elected in a majority of the states for a one-year renewable term. He is basically an ornamental figure and a formal head of the corporation. His main function is to preside over the meetings of the Council.
• The standing committees are created to facilitate the working of the council, which is too large in size. They deal with public works, education, health, taxation, finance and so on.

The municipal commissioner is responsible for the implementation of the decisions taken by the council and its standing committees. Thus, he is the chief executive authority of the corporation. He is appointed by the state government and is generally a member of the IAS.