Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – November 12, 2018

Both statements are correct.

When Lord Curzon, then Viceroy of India, announced the partition of Bengal in July 1905, Indian National Congress, initiated Swadeshi movement in Bengal. Swadeshi movement was launched as a protest movement which also gave a lead to the Boycott movement in the country.

The British policy of consciously attempting to use communalism to turn the Muslims against the Swadeshi Movement was to a largely responsible for low support of Muslims in swadeshi movement.

Chauri Chaura Incident occurred when a large group of protester’s, participating in the Non-cooperation movement clashed with police, who in return opened fire.

In retaliation the demonstrators attacked and set fire to a police station, killing all of its occupants. The incident led to the deaths of three civilians and 22 or 23 policemen. In reaction to this incidence Mahatma Gandhi halted the Non-cooperation as he was strictly against violence.

In response to killing of the police, the British authorities declared martial law in and around Chauri Chaura.

Several raids were conducted and hundreds of people were arrested.

Gandhi was also arrested and sentenced to six years of imprisonment but was later released in February 1924 on grounds of ill health.

Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutt threw the bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly against passage of the Public Safety Bill and the Trade Disputes Bill. Bomb was harmless and no one was killed.

The objective was to get arrested and to use the trial court as a forum for propaganda so that people would become familiar with their movement and ideology.

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, who was educated at the famous Al Azhar University at Cairo and who propagated his rationalist and nationalist ideas in his newspaper Al Hilal was secular and not communal.

The Anushilan Samiti was a Bengali Indian organisation that existed in the first quarter of the twentieth century.

It propounded revolutionary violence as the means for ending British rule in India.

The organisation was involved in the Alipore conspiracy, the Chittagong armoury raid, and other attempts against the administration in British India and Raj officials.

People associated with this samiti were Sri Aurobindo, Deshabandhu Chittaranjan Das, Surendranath Tagore etc.

President of congress and Respective year of congress session.

(a) Abul Kalam Azad  -1940 to 1946

(b) J. B. Kripalani-1947

(c) Pattabhi Sitaraimayya -1948,1949

(d) Jawaharlal Nehru -1928,1929,1930,1936,1937

Other facts

Annie Besant was the first woman president of INC on 1917 whereas, Sarojini Naidu was the first Indian woman president -1925

In 1925, the taluka of Bardoli in Gujarat suffered from floods and famine, causing crop production to suffer and leaving farmers facing great financial troubles. However, the government of the Bombay Presidency had raised the tax rate by 30% that year, and despite petitions from civic groups, refused to cancel the rise in the face of the calamities.

The movement was eventually led by Vallabhbhai Patel, and its success gave rise to Patel becoming one of the main leaders of the independence movement.