Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – November 26, 2018

All the statements are incorrect.

First site discovered in Indus valley civilization is Harappa and thus got the name harappan civilization.

Largest site in Indus valley civilization ever discovered is Mohenjadaro.

Based on the evidences like Pasupati seals, Fire altars, great bath etc, It is strongly believed that people lived in Indus valley are believed in God.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Shivaji was a great administrator. He laid the foundations of a sound system of administration. The king was the pivot of the government. He was assisted by a council of ministers called Ashtapradhan.

Statement 2 is correct. The revenue system of Shivaji was based on that of Malik Amber of Ahmadnagar. Lands were measured by using the measuring rod called kathi. Lands were also classified into three categories – paddy fields, garden lands and hilly tracks. He reduced the powers of the existing deshmuks and kulkarnis. He appointed his own revenue officials called karkuns.

Statement 3 is incorrect. Shivaji was seen as a great secular king and many highest posts of his officials are from muslim community. Eg: Daryadarang as the Chief of the Navy.

During the Neolithic phase, the cultivation of plants and domestication of animals led to the emergence of village communities based settlements.

Domestication of animals was started at the end of Mesolithic period and it was in large scale in Neolithic culture.

Hunting and gathering pattern started from the time of old age and it was continued in Mesolithic and Neolithic period also. However there is a shift in hunting pattern as earlier it was big animals are targeted but in later small animals are widely hunted.

Invention of Iron came in picture in Vedic period. The Neolithic period people used polished stone tools.

Statement 1 is correct. The members of the Constituent assembly were indirectly elected by the members of the provincial assemblies by method of single transferable vote system of proportional representations.

Statement 2 is incorrect. It was not a representative body since all the members were not directly elected by adult franchise.

Statement 3 is incorrect. Members from the princely states are not elected; they are nominated by the princes.

Statement 1 is incorrect :

The basic ideology behind all the reform movements in the 19th century were not the same, as few movements have orthodox ideologies and mostly had religious tendencies. For example – Religious Universalism

Statement 2 is Incorrect :

Not all the movements were targeted against religious superstitious and obscurantism, few supported these tendencies and were against the reform process

Statement 3 is correct :

The last decades of 19th century saw the rising tide of nationalism and democracy also found expression in movements to reform and democratise the social institutions and religious outlook of the Indian people. Factors such as growth of nationalist sentiments, emergence of new economic forces, spread of education, impact of modern western ideas and culture and increased awareness of the world strengthened the resolve to reform

Among the above movements, Indigo revolt has no religious charateistic.

Moplah rebellion:

The Moplah Rebellion or the Malabar Rebellion was an extended version of the Khilafat Movement in Kerala in 1921.

The Government had declared the Congress and Khilafat meetings illegal. So, a reaction in Kerala began against the crackdown of the British in Eranad and Valluvanad taluks of Malabar.

But the Khilafat meeting incited so much communal feelings among the Muslims peasants , known as Moplahs, that it turned out to become an antihindu movement from July 1921 onwards.

The violence began and the Moplahs attacked the police stations and took control of them. They also seized the courts, and the government treasuries. It became a communal riot when the kudiyaan or tenant Moplahs attacked their Hindu jenmis or landlords and killed many of them. Thus the Hindu Landlords became the victims of the atrocities of the Mopla

Farazis Movement:

The movement of the Farazis which arose among the peasants of early 19th century Bengal advocated return to pure Islam.

They followed the teachings of Shah Walliullah of Delhi (1703-63) who had, a century earlier, talked about regaining purity of Islam and objected to infiltration of non-Islamic customs among Muslims.

Founding leader of the Farazis, Shariat Ullah (1781-1839) preached religious purification and advocated return to the faraiz, i.e. obligatory duties of Islam, namely – kalimah (profession of faith), salat (or namaz), sawn ( or rozah), zakat (or alms to poor) and Hajj. He also preached tawhid or monotheism

Nirankari:

Nirankari, religious reform movement within Sikhism. The Nirankari movement was founded by Dayal Das (died 1855), who belonged to a half-Sikh, half Hindu community in Peshawar. He believed that God is formless, or nirankar .He also stressed the importance of meditation.

Indigo revolt:

The Indigo revolt was directed against British planters who forced British peasant to take advances and sign fraudulent contacts which forced peasant to grow Indigo under their terms

Statements 1 and 2 are correct:

The government of Lord William Bentinck, Governor-General of India (1828 to 1835) introduced the Mahalwari system of land revenue in 1833. This system was introduced in North-West Frontier, Agra, Central Province, Gangetic Valley, Punjab, etc.

The Mahalwari system had many provisions of both the Zamindari System and Ryotwari System.

Statement 3 is Incorrect:

Ownership rights were with the peasants but Revenue was collected by the village headman or village leaders (lambardar).