Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – October 11, 2018

Statement 1 is incorrect. Neutrinos have zero electric charge.

Statement 2 is correct. Neutrinos are subatomic particles produced by the decay of radioactive elements.

There are three types of neutrinos: electron neutrino, muon neutrino, and tau neutrino. All three catogeries of neutrinos have zero charge. For example a neutron can decay into a proton, an electron, and an electron anti-neutrino. Since charge is conserved and the fact that the charge on the electron is exactly equal and opposite to that of the proton,  that means there is nothing left over for the neutrino. The neutrinos have slightly different interaction properties that distinguish them but electric charge is not among them.

Carbon Dioxide and Water are two waste products of aerobic respiration.

Respiration is the process by which people (and other organisms) break down glucose (from sugars and charbohydrates in their food) in order to release energy. This process requires oxygen which we breath in.

Aerobic respiration is respiration that uses oxygen as a reactant. Aerobic respiration is much more efficient, and produces ATP much more quickly, than anaerobic respiration (respiration without oxygen). This is because oxygen is an excellent electron acceptor for the chemical reaction.

Forest dieback is a condition in trees or woody plants in which peripheral parts are killed, either by pathogens, parasites or due to conditions like acid rain and drought. Wikipedia

“Dieback” refers to the progressive death of twigs and branches which generally starts at the tips. Trees and shrubs affected by the decline and dieback syndrome may die within a year or two after symptoms first appear or in some cases survive indefinitely. Corrective practices such as proper watering, fertilization, and pruning are not guaranteed solutions in all cases.

Decline and dieback may be caused by many factors and is usually progressive over several years. Trees and shrubs of all ages may be affected, although this disease complex is usually associated with plants that have attained some size and maturity.

All the statements are incorrect.

A botnet is an interconnected network of computers infected with malware without the user’s knowledge and controlled by cybercriminals. They’re typically used to send spam emails, transmit viruses and engage in other acts of cybercrime. Sometimes known as a zombie army, botnets are often considered one of the biggest online threats today.

Malware, also known as “malicious software,” can be classified several ways in order to distinguish the unique types of malware from each other. Distinguishing and classifying different types of malware from each other is important to better understanding how they can infect computers and devices, the threat level they pose and how to protect against them.

A computer infected with a malware can be used in a Botnet.

All are used in adulteration of milk.

“Adulterant” means any material which is or could be employed for making the food unsafe or sub-standard or misbranded or containing extraneous matter.

Adulterated food is dangerous because it may be toxic and can affect health and it could deprive nutrients essential for proper growth and development.

Radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.

The transfer of heat by radiation does not require any medium. It can take place whether a medium is present or not. When we come out in the sun, we feel warm. How does the heat from the sun reach us? It cannot reach us by conduction or convection as there is no medium such as air in most part of the space between the earth and the sun. From the sun the heat comes to us by another process known as radiation. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

All hot bodies radiate heat. When this heat falls on some object, a part of it is reflected, a part is absorbed and a part may be transmitted. The temperature of the object increases due to the absorbed part of the heat. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

A disease associated with the way a person or group of people lives. Lifestyle diseases include atherosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke; obesity and type 2 diabetes; and diseases associated with smoking and alcohol and drug abuse. Regular physical activity helps prevent obesity, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, colon cancer, and premature mortality.

Lifestyle disease: A disease associated with the way a person or group of people lives. Lifestyle diseases include atherosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke; obesity and type 2 diabetes; and diseases associated with smoking and alcohol and drug abuse. Regular physical activity helps prevent obesity, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, colon cancer, and premature mortality.