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Daily Quiz: August 19, 2020
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- Question 1 of 10
1. Question
1 pointsCategory: Polity & International RelationsWith reference to the modern democracies, which of the following is/are the types of power sharing arrangements?
- Power sharing between different organs of the government.
- Power sharing among governments at different levels.
- Power sharing among different social groups.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
In modern democracies, power sharing arrangements can take many forms.
Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary.
- Let us call this horizontal distribution of power because it allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers.
- Such a separation ensures that none of the organs can exercise unlimited power.
- Each organ checks the others. This results in a balance of power among various institutions.
Power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level.
- Such a general government for the entire country is usually called federal government.
- In India, we refer to it as the Central or Union Government.
Power may also be shared among different social groups, such as the religious and linguistic groups.
In some countries there are constitutional and legal arrangements whereby socially weaker sections and women are represented in the legislatures and administration.
Power sharing arrangements can also be seen in the way political parties, pressure groups and movements control or influence those in power.
- In a democracy, the citizens must have freedom to choose among various contenders for power.
- In contemporary democracies this takes the form of competition among different parties.
- Such competition ensures that power does not remain in one hand.
- In the long run power is shared among different political parties that represent different ideologies and social groups.
Incorrect
In modern democracies, power sharing arrangements can take many forms.
Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary.
- Let us call this horizontal distribution of power because it allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers.
- Such a separation ensures that none of the organs can exercise unlimited power.
- Each organ checks the others. This results in a balance of power among various institutions.
Power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level.
- Such a general government for the entire country is usually called federal government.
- In India, we refer to it as the Central or Union Government.
Power may also be shared among different social groups, such as the religious and linguistic groups.
In some countries there are constitutional and legal arrangements whereby socially weaker sections and women are represented in the legislatures and administration.
Power sharing arrangements can also be seen in the way political parties, pressure groups and movements control or influence those in power.
- In a democracy, the citizens must have freedom to choose among various contenders for power.
- In contemporary democracies this takes the form of competition among different parties.
- Such competition ensures that power does not remain in one hand.
- In the long run power is shared among different political parties that represent different ideologies and social groups.
- Question 2 of 10
2. Question
1 pointsWith reference to the federalism, which of the following are the features of federalism?
- There are two or more levels (or tiers) of government.
- Different tiers of government have its own jurisdiction in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration.
- The existence and authority of each tier of government is constitutionally guaranteed.
- The fundamental provisions of the constitution can be unilaterally changed by one level of government.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
Some of the key features of federalism:
- There are two or more levels (or tiers) of government.
- Different tiers of government govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own JURISDICTION in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration.
- The jurisdictions of the respective levels or tiers of government are specified in the constitution. So the existence and authority of each tier of government is constitutionally guaranteed.
- The fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level of government. Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government.
- Courts have the power to interpret the constitution and the powers of different levels of government. The highest court acts as an umpire if disputes arise between different levels of government in the exercise of their respective powers.
- Sources of revenue for each level of government are clearly specified to ensure its financial autonomy.
- The federal system thus has dual objectives: to safeguard and promote unity of the country, while at the same time accommodate regional diversity.
Incorrect
Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
Some of the key features of federalism:
- There are two or more levels (or tiers) of government.
- Different tiers of government govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own JURISDICTION in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration.
- The jurisdictions of the respective levels or tiers of government are specified in the constitution. So the existence and authority of each tier of government is constitutionally guaranteed.
- The fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level of government. Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government.
- Courts have the power to interpret the constitution and the powers of different levels of government. The highest court acts as an umpire if disputes arise between different levels of government in the exercise of their respective powers.
- Sources of revenue for each level of government are clearly specified to ensure its financial autonomy.
- The federal system thus has dual objectives: to safeguard and promote unity of the country, while at the same time accommodate regional diversity.
- Question 3 of 10
3. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following is/are the example (s) of “coming together federations”?
- United States of America
- Australia
- Belgium
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
There are two kinds of routes through which federations have been formed.
The first route involves independent States coming together on their own to form a bigger unit, so that by pooling sovereignty and retaining identity they can increase their security.
- This type of ‘coming together’ federations includes the USA, Switzerland and Australia.
- In this first category of federations, all the constituent States usually have equal power and are strong vis-à-vis the federal government.
The second route is where a large country decides to divide its power between the constituent States and the national government.
- India, Spain and Belgium are examples of this kind of ‘holding together’ federations.
- In this second category, the central government tends to be more powerful vis-à-vis the States
Incorrect
There are two kinds of routes through which federations have been formed.
The first route involves independent States coming together on their own to form a bigger unit, so that by pooling sovereignty and retaining identity they can increase their security.
- This type of ‘coming together’ federations includes the USA, Switzerland and Australia.
- In this first category of federations, all the constituent States usually have equal power and are strong vis-à-vis the federal government.
The second route is where a large country decides to divide its power between the constituent States and the national government.
- India, Spain and Belgium are examples of this kind of ‘holding together’ federations.
- In this second category, the central government tends to be more powerful vis-à-vis the States
- Question 4 of 10
4. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following provision (s) is/are comes under union list?
- Sanctioning of cinematograph films for exhibition.
- Money lending.
- Preventive detention for maintenance of public order.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Sanctioning of cinematograph films for exhibition – comes under union list.
- Money lending and money lenders, relief of agriculture indebtedness comes under state list.
- Preventive detention for the reasons connected with the security of a state, the maintenance of public order, or the maintenance of supplies and services essential to the community comes under concurrent list.
Incorrect
Sanctioning of cinematograph films for exhibition – comes under union list.
- Money lending and money lenders, relief of agriculture indebtedness comes under state list.
- Preventive detention for the reasons connected with the security of a state, the maintenance of public order, or the maintenance of supplies and services essential to the community comes under concurrent list.
- Question 5 of 10
5. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding the “Charter Act of 1833”:
- It made the Governor of Bengal as the Governor-General of Bengal.
- The laws made under previous acts were called as Regulations while laws made under this act were called as Acts.
- It ended the monopoly of East India Company however company’s monopoly in trade with china kept intact.
Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?
Correct
Features of the Act:
- It made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor-General of India and vested in him all civil and military powers.
- Thus, the act created, for the first time, a Government of India having authority over the entire territorial area possessed by the British in India.
- Lord William Bentick was the first governor-general of India.
- It deprived the governor of Bombay and Madras of their legislative powers. The Governor-General of India was given exclusive legislative powers for the entire British India.
- The laws made under the previous acts were called as Regulations while laws made under this act were called as Acts.
- It ended the activities of the East India Company as a commercial body, which became a purely administrative body.
- It provided that the company’s territories in India were held by it ‘in trust for His Majesty, His heirs and successors’.
- The Charter Act of 1833 attempted to introduce a system of open competition for selection of civil servants, and stated that the Indians should not be debarred from holding any place, office and employment under the Company.
- However, this provision was negated after opposition from the Court of Directors
Incorrect
Features of the Act:
- It made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor-General of India and vested in him all civil and military powers.
- Thus, the act created, for the first time, a Government of India having authority over the entire territorial area possessed by the British in India.
- Lord William Bentick was the first governor-general of India.
- It deprived the governor of Bombay and Madras of their legislative powers. The Governor-General of India was given exclusive legislative powers for the entire British India.
- The laws made under the previous acts were called as Regulations while laws made under this act were called as Acts.
- It ended the activities of the East India Company as a commercial body, which became a purely administrative body.
- It provided that the company’s territories in India were held by it ‘in trust for His Majesty, His heirs and successors’.
- The Charter Act of 1833 attempted to introduce a system of open competition for selection of civil servants, and stated that the Indians should not be debarred from holding any place, office and employment under the Company.
- However, this provision was negated after opposition from the Court of Directors
- Question 6 of 10
6. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following are the features of the “parliamentary government”?
- Presence of Nominal and Real executives
- Majority party rule
- Membership of ministers in the legislature
- Dissolution of upper house
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
The parliamentary system is also known as the ‘Westminster’ model of government, responsible government and cabinet government.
The Constitution establishes the parliamentary system not only at the Centre but also in the states.
The features of parliamentary government in India are:
- Presence of nominal and real executives
- Majority party rule
- Collective responsibility of the executive to the legislature
- Membership of the ministers in the legislature
- Leadership of the prime minister or the chief minister,
- Dissolution of the lower House (Lok Sabha or Assembly).
Incorrect
The parliamentary system is also known as the ‘Westminster’ model of government, responsible government and cabinet government.
The Constitution establishes the parliamentary system not only at the Centre but also in the states.
The features of parliamentary government in India are:
- Presence of nominal and real executives
- Majority party rule
- Collective responsibility of the executive to the legislature
- Membership of the ministers in the legislature
- Leadership of the prime minister or the chief minister,
- Dissolution of the lower House (Lok Sabha or Assembly).
- Question 7 of 10
7. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following provisions of the constitution is/are related to “secular state of India”?
- The term secular was added to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1978.
- The Preamble secures to all citizens of India liberty of belief, faith and worship
- The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
The Constitution of India stands for a secular state. Hence, it does not uphold any particular religion as the official religion of the Indian State. The following provisions of the Constitution reveal the secular character of the Indian State:
- The term ‘secular’ was added to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976.
- The Preamble secures to all citizens of India liberty of belief, faith and worship.
- The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws (Article 14).
- The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on the ground of religion (Article 15).
- Equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters of public employment (Article 16).
- All persons are equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice and propagate any religion (Article 25).
- Every religious denomination or any of its section shall have the right to manage its religious affairs (Article 26).
- No person shall be compelled to pay any taxes for the promotion of a particular religion (Article 27).
Incorrect
The Constitution of India stands for a secular state. Hence, it does not uphold any particular religion as the official religion of the Indian State. The following provisions of the Constitution reveal the secular character of the Indian State:
- The term ‘secular’ was added to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976.
- The Preamble secures to all citizens of India liberty of belief, faith and worship.
- The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws (Article 14).
- The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on the ground of religion (Article 15).
- Equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters of public employment (Article 16).
- All persons are equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice and propagate any religion (Article 25).
- Every religious denomination or any of its section shall have the right to manage its religious affairs (Article 26).
- No person shall be compelled to pay any taxes for the promotion of a particular religion (Article 27).
- Question 8 of 10
8. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following feature of Indian constitution is called as “Instrument of Instructions”?
Correct
The Directive Principles resemble the ‘Instrument of Instructions’ enumerated in the Government of India Act of 1935.
- In the words of Dr B R Ambedkar, ‘the Directive Principles are like the instrument of instructions, which were issued to the Governor-General and to the Governors of the colonies of India by the British Government under the Government of India Act of 1935.
- What is called Directive Principles is merely another name for the instrument of instructions.
- The only difference is that they are instructions to the legislature and the executive’.
Incorrect
The Directive Principles resemble the ‘Instrument of Instructions’ enumerated in the Government of India Act of 1935.
- In the words of Dr B R Ambedkar, ‘the Directive Principles are like the instrument of instructions, which were issued to the Governor-General and to the Governors of the colonies of India by the British Government under the Government of India Act of 1935.
- What is called Directive Principles is merely another name for the instrument of instructions.
- The only difference is that they are instructions to the legislature and the executive’.
- Question 9 of 10
9. Question
1 pointsThe 42nd Amendment Act transferred some subjects from state list to concurrent list. Which of the following state subjects are transferred to concurrent list?
- Education
- Public health
- Forests
- Weights and measures
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Both, the Parliament and state legislature can make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in the Concurrent List.
- This list has at present 52 subjects (originally 47 subjects) like criminal law and procedure, civil procedure, marriage and divorce, population control and family planning, electricity, labor welfare, economic and social planning, drugs, newspapers, books and printing press, and others.
- The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 transferred five subjects to Concurrent List from State List, that is, (a) education, (b) forests, (c) weights and measures, (d) protection of wild animals and birds, and (e) administration of justice; constitution and organization of all courts except the Supreme Court and the high courts.
Incorrect
Both, the Parliament and state legislature can make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in the Concurrent List.
- This list has at present 52 subjects (originally 47 subjects) like criminal law and procedure, civil procedure, marriage and divorce, population control and family planning, electricity, labor welfare, economic and social planning, drugs, newspapers, books and printing press, and others.
- The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 transferred five subjects to Concurrent List from State List, that is, (a) education, (b) forests, (c) weights and measures, (d) protection of wild animals and birds, and (e) administration of justice; constitution and organization of all courts except the Supreme Court and the high courts.
- Question 10 of 10
10. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding the “Cantonment Board”:
- A cantonment board is created by Central government but administered by the state government.
- Both the elected members and nominated members hold office for a term of five years.
- The executive officer of the cantonment board is appointed by the president of India.
Which the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
A cantonment board is established for municipal administration for civilian population in the cantonment area.
- It is set up under the provisions of the Cantonments Act of 2006-a legislation enacted by the Central government.
- It works under the administrative control of the defense ministry of the Central government.
- Thus, unlike the above four types of urban local bodies, which are created and administered by the state government, a cantonment board is created as well as administered by the Central government.
- A cantonment board consists of partly elected and partly nominated members. The elected members hold office for a term of five years while the nominated members (i.e., ex-officio members) continue so long as they hold the office in that station.
- The military officer commanding the station is the ex-officio president of the board and presides over its meetings.
- The vice president of the board is elected by the elected members from amongst themselves for a term of five years.
- The functions performed by a cantonment board are similar to those of a municipality. These are statutorily categorised into obligatory functions and discretionary functions.
- The sources of income include both, tax revenue and non-tax revenue. The executive officer of the cantonment board is appointed by the president of India.
- He implements all the resolutions and decisions of the board and its committees. He belongs to the central cadre established for the purpose.
Incorrect
A cantonment board is established for municipal administration for civilian population in the cantonment area.
- It is set up under the provisions of the Cantonments Act of 2006-a legislation enacted by the Central government.
- It works under the administrative control of the defense ministry of the Central government.
- Thus, unlike the above four types of urban local bodies, which are created and administered by the state government, a cantonment board is created as well as administered by the Central government.
- A cantonment board consists of partly elected and partly nominated members. The elected members hold office for a term of five years while the nominated members (i.e., ex-officio members) continue so long as they hold the office in that station.
- The military officer commanding the station is the ex-officio president of the board and presides over its meetings.
- The vice president of the board is elected by the elected members from amongst themselves for a term of five years.
- The functions performed by a cantonment board are similar to those of a municipality. These are statutorily categorised into obligatory functions and discretionary functions.
- The sources of income include both, tax revenue and non-tax revenue. The executive officer of the cantonment board is appointed by the president of India.
- He implements all the resolutions and decisions of the board and its committees. He belongs to the central cadre established for the purpose.