Detailed Preparation Strategy by Ajay Yadav, AIR 290, UPSC CSE 2023

Can you briefly tell about your background?

I belong to Chapra, Bihar. I did my schooling from Durgapur, which is a town in West Bengal. I did my B.tech in Industrial Biotechnology from Chennai. And thereafter I went to Delhi for UPSC preparation.

According to you, what is the right time to start UPSC Preparation?

I feel that there is no right time for me to start preparation like I had that exposure in my college for UPSC so I started going to coaching from my last year. There were different clubs. There used to be a club which used to invite professors, toppers, or police officers on Saturday Sundays to give basic classes related to economics, polity and general motivation.

We used to go on Sundays and get motivation from there. I met my mentor here whose name is Shatabdi Mazumdar and she is an IAS officer of 2020 batch and currently she is SDM in Jharkhand, she started preparation when she was 28, so there is no right time.

When you feel right you get up and start working and reach the ladder of your success.

What is the right way to prepare for the General Studies (GS) paper in Prelims in your opinion? 

I have given seven attempts. I am fortunate enough to never get stuck in GS.

My minimum score has been 102 in 2019. This year I am expecting around 112 and 116 based on the marks of all the coaching institutes. I have given the Forest Exam too due to which I don’t know how much I scored in prelims.

REVISION is most important. Be it Laxmikant’s book or Geography’s book by GC Leong or History’s Spectrum, I make sure that my revision is done at least 8-10 times, of all the books from 8th to 10th. After first two attempts, i hardly used to give three months.

i was very scared when i gave my first attempt, i gave six months for prelims preparation.

After that I did not want to give more than three months so I made sure that at least one revision has to be done in one order that I have to finish History in so many days and Geography in so many days.

Catching the changing trends of UPSC is very important.

For History, I read Lucents’ because it was just a 80 page book in comparison to 600 pages of Spectrum.

A trend which is being witnessed right now is focus on geography cum environment.

I did the PYQs thoroughly.

I was also part of ForumIAS’ SFG tests, hence there was a lot of practice from there and when there used to be full-length mocks I used to give them also so the confidence and the gut feeling becomes very strong. These things have to be done in a very disciplined manner.

What should be done in CSAT according to you?

I learnt CSAT from my failure in 2019 where I couldn’t get qualified by one mark. In 2021, I got 35 in 2021 and in 2022, I got 27. But in this 2023 attempt, I am expecting to get somewhere around 80-85 marks.

I thought that if I practice from R S Agarwal’s book be it for verbal reasoning or quantitative aptitude, my work will be done but this is another mistake that I committed.

The third mistake was of Rattafication of Formula and the types which are done for SSC CGL.

I did not do the PYQs because I was overconfident. I did not understand its inherent concept. I did not conceptualize the formula.

I completely changed the approach for my 2023 attempt I took help form a relative. His name is Mithilesh Roy he is an SBI Bank Manager so he is very good with Maths and Quants, so I used to take online classes from him. He used to teach me CAT level so I practised from a book written by Arun Sharma.

After that i sat down and analyzed all the PYQs completely.

Third I did not take English comprehension very lightly. I took mentorship from somewhere about it. Then after taking a lot of mentorship I analyzed the PYQ papers and solved it and the result was that it meant I was able to do.

I made it my motto that I will solve only 45 questions but I had to maintain my accuracy level.

Do you think preparation for Mains should be specific or integrated with Prelims?

UPSC is all about Mains, Prelims is just a hurdle that needs to be crossed. Until and unless the students are ready for Mains, you cannot get success even if you clear your Prelims.

The thumb rule stands that you have to finish your mains cum prelims approach first especially Ethics and Optional.

Answer writing should be started early and you get the knack to write the answers because every GS paper has different approach towards answer writing.

What is your score in GS Paper 1 and how did you prepare for it? 

Your approach to exam preparation, particularly for competitive exams like the Civil Services, is strategic and well-thought-out. Here’s a summary of the key points you made, along with some additional tips to enhance your study plan:

Key Points in Your Strategy:

1. Theme-Based Preparation:
   • Identify key themes in the syllabus.
   • Focus on recurring topics in previous years’ questions (PYQs).
   • Group related topics to create a comprehensive understanding.
2. Resource Optimization:
   • Use concise study materials that cover exam requirements effectively.
   • Limit the content to what’s necessary to avoid information overload.
   • Example: Geography materials that are precise and exam-focused.
3. Repetition and Familiarity:
   • Practice PYQs to understand the pattern and frequently asked questions.
   • Regular revision of prepared notes to reinforce knowledge.
4. Effective Note-Making:
   • Create notes that are to the point and easy to revise.
   • Include diagrams, tables, and other visual aids to simplify complex information.
5. Subject-Specific Strategies:
   • History: Focus on significant periods like Gupta, Maurya, Vijayanagara Empire.
   • Geography: Repeated topics like tectonic theory, vegetation, minerals, etc.
   • Society: Use specific definitions and recent data to add depth to answers.
6. Answer Writing Practice:
   • Practice writing answers in a structured manner.
   • Make use of diagrams, specific examples, and definitions to enhance answers.
   • Participate in test series to get feedback and improve presentation.

Additional Tips for Enhanced Preparation:

1. Regular Revision:
   • Schedule regular revision sessions to keep information fresh.
   • Use techniques like spaced repetition to improve retention.
2. Mock Tests:
   • Take full-length mock tests under exam conditions.
   • Analyze performance to identify strengths and weaknesses.
3. Current Affairs:
   • Stay updated with current events, as they often form the basis of contemporary questions.
   • Relate current affairs to static topics for a better understanding.
4. Interdisciplinary Approach:
   • Integrate knowledge from different subjects to create well-rounded answers.
   • For instance, connect geographical factors with historical events.
5. Time Management:
   • Practice managing time effectively during preparation and exams.
   • Allocate specific time slots for each subject and stick to the schedule.
6. Peer Discussions:
   • Engage in discussions with peers to gain different perspectives.
   • Join study groups or forums for collaborative learning.

By following these strategies, you can streamline your preparation, focus on what’s important, and maximize your chances of success in the exams. Remember, consistent effort and smart study techniques are key to cracking competitive exams.

What should be done to perform well and improve marks in the Ethics paper? 

Pointers for Ethics preparation

1. Short Notes and Personalization:
   • Created your own short notes on Ethics.
   • Personalized the content to suit your understanding and writing style.
2. Learning from Toppers:
   • Studied the answer copies of previous toppers like Deev Mishra.
   • Adopted effective writing formats and presentation styles from them.
3. Structured Quotations:
   • Analyzed quotations from different perspectives: personal life, societal relevance, and governance.
   • Discussed how these quotations could address contemporary societal issues.
4. Philosophical Integration:
   • Linked ethical concepts to Indian philosophies such as Charvaka, Ramayana, and Mahabharata.
   • Demonstrated a deep understanding of ethical principles through these connections.
5. Thematic Case Studies:
   • Practiced case studies from previous years (2017-2022) and categorized them by themes (e.g., environment, women’s issues, child labor, workplace ethics).
   • Develop practical solutions for each theme, enhancing your ability to tackle similar questions in the exam.
6. Time Management and Practice:
   • Regular practice of writing answers improves your speed and efficiency.
   • Manage to complete the paper on time despite encountering new and challenging questions.

Additional Tips for Enhanced Ethics Preparation:

1. Comprehensive Coverage:
   • Ensure your notes cover all major topics in the syllabus comprehensively.
   • Include key thinkers, theories, and their applications in contemporary contexts.
2. Use Real-Life Examples:
   • Incorporate real-life examples and case studies from current events to illustrate ethical principles.
   • This will make your answers more relevant and practical.
3. Ethical Dilemmas:
   • Practice writing answers to ethical dilemmas and situations, focusing on decision-making processes.
   • Highlight different stakeholders and the potential consequences of various actions.
4. Diagrams and Flowcharts:
   • Use diagrams and flowcharts to represent ethical frameworks and decision-making processes.
   • Visual aids can make your answers clearer and more engaging.
5. Feedback and Improvement:
   • Seek feedback from mentors or peers on your answer writing.
   • Continuously refine your writing style based on constructive criticism.
6. Ethics in Governance:
   • Study ethics in the context of public administration and governance.
   • Understand the ethical dimensions of policy-making and implementation.
7. Value-Based Questions:
   • Be prepared for questions on personal values and integrity.
   • Reflect on your own values and how they align with public service ethics.
8. Revision and Mock Tests:
   • Regularly revise your notes and practice mock tests under exam conditions.
   • Analyze your performance and work on areas where you can improve.

By integrating these strategies and focusing on both the theoretical and practical aspects of Ethics, you can enhance your preparation and performance in the Ethics paper. Your systematic approach and continuous practice are key to achieving higher marks and success in the exam.

What should be done to perform well and improve marks in the essay paper?

1. Pastel Approach and Modifications:
   • You used the pastel approach initially and then modified it for better results.
   • Adapted your writing style to be more effective and relevant to the exam requirements.
2. Current and Anecdotal Content:
   • Incorporated current issues and personal anecdotes into your essays.
   • Used real-life examples and personal experiences to make your essays more engaging and relatable.
3. Preparedness on Key Themes:
   • Prepared essays on key themes like leadership, honesty, courage, and hardship.
   • Ensured that you had strong openings and conclusions for these themes.
4. Effective Use of Quotes:
   • Utilized quotes effectively to enhance the impact of your essays.
   • Adapted quotes to fit the context of your essay, making them more relevant.
5. Logical Flow and Structure:
   • Improved the logical flow of your essays by avoiding repetitive transition words like “firstly,” “secondly,” etc.
   • Used logical links and transitions to maintain coherence and readability.
6. Mentorship and Feedback:
   • Sought guidance from mentors like Navya Ma’am, who provided valuable insights and feedback.
   • Attended one-on-one mentorship sessions to refine your essay-writing skills.

Additional Tips for Enhanced Essay Preparation:

1. Diverse Topics and Practice:
   • Practice writing essays on a wide range of topics, including abstract, philosophical, and contemporary issues.
   • This will prepare you to handle any topic that appears in the exam.
2. Structured Preparation:
   • Develop a clear structure for your essays: introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
   • Ensure each paragraph flows logically and supports your main argument.
3. Use of Data and Examples:
   • Support your arguments with relevant data, statistics, and examples from current events.
   • This adds credibility and depth to your essays.
4. Balanced Perspective:
   • Present a balanced perspective by discussing different viewpoints.
   • Address counterarguments and provide a reasoned conclusion.
5. Consistency and Coherence:
   • Maintain consistency in your arguments and ensure coherence throughout the essay.
   • Avoid jumping between unrelated points and stay focused on the central theme.
6. Time Management:
   • Practice writing essays within a fixed time limit to improve your speed and efficiency.
   • Allocate time for planning, writing, and revising your essays during practice sessions.
7. Feedback and Iteration:
   • Regularly seek feedback from mentors or peers and make necessary improvements.
   • Iterate on your essays based on the feedback to refine your writing style.
8. Reading and Inspiration:
   • Read essays written by previous toppers and analyze their writing styles.
   • Draw inspiration from their approaches and incorporate effective techniques into your own writing.

By following these strategies and continuously practicing, you can further enhance your essay-writing skills and improve your performance in the exam. Your methodical approach, combined with targeted practice and mentorship, is key to achieving high scores in the essay paper.

What do you suggest would be the right approach to prepare for optionals?

Your insights into the changing dynamics of the examination and the necessity for in-depth study and good guidance are very relevant. Here are some key points from experience along with additional strategies to effectively prepare for competitive exams, particularly focusing on optional subjects:

1. Increased Competition and Question Difficulty:
   • The level of competition has increased significantly.
   • The complexity and quality of questions have improved, requiring deeper understanding and preparation.
2. Comprehensive Study Approach:
   • It’s important to study the subject thoroughly, irrespective of the optional subject.
   • A combination of foundational knowledge and advanced understanding is necessary.
3. Value Addition and Answer Writing:
   • Focus on adding value to your answers through diagrams, examples, and up-to-date information.
   • Practice answer writing to enhance clarity, coherence, and presentation.
4. Guidance and Mentorship:
   • Seek guidance from experienced mentors and join coaching classes if necessary.
   • Personalized mentorship can help in understanding the nuances of the subject and improving performance.
5. Balancing Science and Arts:
   • Even with a science background, it’s possible to excel in subjects that mix science and arts with the right approach and resources.

Additional Strategies for Effective Preparation:

1. In-Depth Syllabus Coverage:
   • Ensure that every part of the syllabus is covered thoroughly.
   • Use standard textbooks, reference books, and study materials recommended by experts.
2. Regular Revision:
   • Schedule regular revision sessions to consolidate your understanding.
   • Use summary notes, mind maps, and flashcards for quick revisions.
3. Mock Tests and Previous Year Questions:
   • Regularly practice mock tests and solve previous years’ question papers.
   • Analyze your performance and focus on areas that need improvement.
4. Interdisciplinary Approach:
   • For subjects that blend science and arts, develop an interdisciplinary approach.
   • Relate concepts across different subjects to have a broader perspective.
5. Current Affairs Integration:
   • Integrate current affairs with your optional subject wherever applicable.
   • Use recent examples and case studies to enrich your answers.
6. Peer Discussions and Study Groups:
   • Participate in peer discussions and join study groups for collaborative learning.
   • Discussing with peers can provide new insights and help in better understanding complex topics.
7. Resource Utilization:
   • Utilize online resources, journals, and research papers to stay updated with the latest developments in your subject.
   • Follow blogs, webinars, and lectures by subject matter experts.
8. Time Management:
   • Allocate specific time slots for each subject and stick to your study schedule.
   • Balance your preparation time between optional subjects and General Studies.

What should one prepare before going for the interview and what should be done in the mock
interview? 

Before mock, you have to prepare your DAF thoroughly and also you need to be aware of the current affairs part.

My interview was on 19th January, and I was fortunate enough because I had enrolled myself in ForumIAS for Current Affairs and Dipin Sir has taken the classes who framed questions in a realistic interview setting. Also, received personalized feedback and insights from one-on-one sessions with Ayush Sir.

I had Rajiv Narayan Choubey Sir’s board and I secured 173 in my interview and on the day of my interview, it was the last day for Choubey sir.

Are you a pen and paper type of student or do you use any software for compiling notes?

I am a pen-paper person. I read PDF online but did not write online because I felt that paper is handy.

I made very crisp notes.

Read – Biography, Testimonials and Answer copies of Other toppers