Environment Quiz: Revision |18 Apr, 2021

schedule V contains animals that can be hunted. Examples of Schedule V species are mice, rat, common crow, fruit bats, etc.

Source: http://wiienvis.nic.in/Database/ScheduleSpeciesDatabase_7969.asp

Source:  http://wiienvis.nic.in/Database/trd_8222.aspx#Map_showing_Tiger_Reserves_in_India

Jambudweep is a small island that is partly covered with thick mangroves. This mangrove island can be approached from Bakhali or Frazarganj, in District 24 Parganas.

· The climate is humid, like that of the mainland, and the island experiences a similar pattern of tidal influence. The entire Island is under the control of the forest department and is devoid of human habitations.

· The island harbors 7 species of mangrove and 12 mangrove-associated species, along with other terrestrial vegetation. Although there are no reports of turtle nesting, turtle sightings have been reported.

· Being located in the Ganges fan, the site has been turbated by fishermen for commercially important fishes. Similarly, sightings of porpoises and River Dolphins have also been reported often from around this site.

· The island and its vegetation provide a roost for a large number of seabird species. Fishing and fisheries-related activities are the main economic activities.

· The West Bengal Forest Department established a mangrove nursery and undertook extensive mangrove plantation in and around this island.

Source: https://www.cbd.int/doc/meetings/mar/ebsaws-2015-02/other/ebsaws-2015-02-india-submission1-en.pdf

Source: http://wiienvis.nic.in/Database/npa_8231.aspx

Dugong (Dugong dugon) is the only herbivorous mammal that is strictly marine and the only member of the Order Sirenia found in India.

· Dugongs are restricted to coastal shallow marine habitats and grazes on the sea grass meadows in coastal waters and are therefore called as “Sea Cows”.

· In India, it is one of the most seriously endangered species of large mammals.

· Dugongs are vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures as they are solely dependent on sea grasses in coastal areas, which now have been seriously damaged by mining, trawling etc.

· Dugongs have also been hunted for their meat, oil, hides, bones and teeth.

Source: http://wiienvis.nic.in/Database/SRP_8555.aspx#4._Dugong__(click_on_name_to_go_top)

Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary and Pakke Tiger Reserve falls in the East Kameng district.

· Its Southern border merges with the inner line, State borderline between Assam and Arunachal.

· The tract of the protected area falls within the land area of Pakke river and Kameng river.

· It has an area of 861.95 Sq.Km with geographical variations of terai and rugged siwalik ranges.

· After a drive of about 3 hrs. from Itanagar through NH52 one reaches to a point known as CHHAIBARI and the take a right turn, passing through the plains, tea gardens and newly devastated forest vegetation of Assam covering a distance of 28 Km comes Seijusa in Arunachal.

Source: http://arunachalforests.gov.in/pakke_wildlife_sanctuary.html

Important acts related to environment and biodiversity conservation in India are:

· Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960.

· Customs Act, 1962.

· Seeds Act, 1966.

· The Patents Act, 1970.

· Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

· Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.

· Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.

· Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.

Source: ENVIS

The desert flora is drought resistance such as cactus, euphorbias, sagebrush. Fauna: Reptiles, Small Mammals and birds.

Source: NCERT

Trophic level interaction deals with how the members of an ecosystem are connected based on nutritional needs.

· Energy flows through the trophic levels: from producers to subsequent trophic levels.

· This energy always flows from lower (producer) to higher (herbivore, carnivore etc.) trophic level.

· It never flows in the reverse direction that is from carnivores to herbivores to producers.

Source: NCERT

Carbon is present in the atmosphere, mainly in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon cycle involves a continuous exchange of carbon between the atmosphere and organisms.

· Carbon from the atmosphere moves to green plants by the process of photosynthesis, and then to animals.

· By process of respiration and decomposition of dead organic matter it returns back to atmosphere. It is usually a short-term cycle.

Source: NCERT