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Source: The post is based on the article”India won’t meet UN targets to reduce premature mortality from major non-communicable diseases: ICMR-NCDIR“published in “DownToEarth” on 25 october 2023.
Why in the news?
According to an analysis by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), India will likely miss reaching targets set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations-mandated Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) to reduce premature deaths from four major Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD)
What are the details of the ICMR study ?
| Key areas | Details |
| Target setting organisations | World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations |
| What are four major diseases | (1)Cancer (2)Cardiovascular disease (CVD) (3)Chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) (4)Diabetes |
| Targets | (1) “25 by 25 target” of WHO- 25 per cent reduction in premature mortality for the four NCDs by 2025 as compared to 2010 (WHO adopted this target as part of global NCD monitoring framework in 2013) (2) SDG Target by UN– To reduce premature deaths from the four major NCDs by one-third (33 percent) from 2015 to 2030. |
| Source of ICMR data | (1) Census data (2) Sample Registration System (SRS) for cause of death by 5-year-age groups. |
What are the results of the ICMR study ?
(1) Decrease in premature mortality rate- The premature mortality rate of the four major non-communicable diseases is projected to decrease by 13.9 per cent from 2010 to 2025 in India.
(2) Decrease in premature deaths as compared to the SDG target- The premature deaths due to these four NCDs in India is projected at 15.6% from 2015 to 2030. However, the SDG target is to reduce 33% from 2015 to 2030.
(3) Higher UPoD among males- UPoD was higher among males, particularly around the age of 44, owing to risk factors such as tobacco use and alcohol consumption. (The WHO has defined the unconditional probability of dying (UPoD) from the four NCDs between the ages of 30 and 69 as the progress indicator for monitoring the reduction in premature mortality)
(4) Possible timeline of achieving the WHO and UN target- The target of 25 per cent (WHO) and 33 per cent (SDG) could possibly be reached by 2039 and 2053 in India.
(5) Regions of majority of deaths- Majority of these premature deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, resulting in productivity loss and economic impact.
What are the government initiatives to tackle this issue?
(1) National Program for Noncommunicable Diseases
(2) The National Tobacco Control Program
(3) The Eat Right India movement
(4) The National Health Policy of 2017,
(5) The National multi-sectoral action plan for prevention and control of Common NCDs 2017-2022.
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