India’s Response to the HMPV Virus

Source: The post India’s response to the HMPV virus has been created, based on the article “Express view on HMPV virus: Don’t panic, keep vigil” published in “Indian Express” on 9th January 2025

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper3-Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.

Context:  The article discusses India’s response to the HMPV virus, advising precautions like masks and hygiene. It highlights the vulnerability of children, elderly, and respiratory patients, urges stronger surveillance at all levels, and stresses integrating private healthcare into monitoring systems.

For detailed information on India’s Concern Over Human Metapneumovirus Outbreak read this article here

What is the Current Focus of the Government Regarding HMPV?

1. The government is strengthening surveillance for Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) across states.
2. HMPV, first detected 20 years ago in the Netherlands, surfaces frequently in winters and affects infants significantly.
3. Rising hospitalizations in China have raised global concerns, prompting India to act.
4. The Union Health Ministry advises precautions like wearing masks, handwashing, and avoiding contact with flu-like symptoms.
5. Vulnerable groups—children under five, senior citizens, and patients with respiratory conditions—are urged to remain cautious.
6. India’s post-COVID monitoring systems ensure hospital-based detection but aim to integrate the private sector, covering 80% of healthcare services.

How Serious is HMPV in India?

1. In India, HMPV is one of the regular flu viruses detected, particularly affecting infants and the elderly.
2. Although regular laboratory tests are not conducted to detect HMPV, studies by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) confirm its prevalence.
3. First-time HMPV infections are severe for children, the elderly, and people with asthma, COPD, and bronchitis. These conditions are increasing in India. Most infections are self-limiting, treatable with hydration, good nutrition, and symptom management.
4. Most cases in India are detected in hospitals, showing effective urban surveillance but highlighting the need for better rural monitoring.

Question for practice:

Discuss the measures India is taking to address the challenges posed by Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) and its impact on vulnerable populations.