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News: A decade-long study tracking reintroduced rhinos under the Indian Rhino Vision 2020 (IRV2020) and rhino rehabilitation programmes in Manas National Park shows encouraging signs of reproduction and adaptation.
About Manas National Park
- Location: It is located in Western Assam at the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas.
- Boundary: It is bordered to the north by Bhutan’s Royal Manas National Park and on the east and west by the Manas Tiger Reserve.
- It is part of the core zone of the Manas Tiger Reserve.
- It has six national and international designations: World Heritage Site, National Park, Tiger Reserve (core), Biosphere Reserve (national), Elephant Reserve (core) and Important Bird Area.
- Note: UNESCO recognised it as a Natural World Heritage Site in 1985.
- Established: It was originally a sanctuary in 1928. It was established as a National Park in 1990.
- Area: It covers an area of 850 sq km.
- Height: Its elevation ranges from 60 to 1,500 meters (200 to 4,900 feet) above sea level.
- Tribe: Indigenous tribes, such as the Bodo, live in and around the park.
- River associated: The Manas river flows through the park.
- It possesses rich biodiversity due to its location at the junction of the Sub-Himalayan Bhabar Terai and Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests.
- Vegetation: It contains four major vegetation types: Sub-Himalayan light alluvial semi-evergreen forests, East Himalayan moist and dry deciduous forests, low alluvial savanna woodlands, and Assam Valley semi-evergreen alluvial grasslands.
- Flora: More than 540 plant species have been recorded here, including important trees such as Jamun, Indian Bay Leaf, Silk Cotton Tree, Haritaki, Wild Guava, and Jarul.
- Hoolong trees are the dominant plant species, and other important species include Amari, Dewa Sam, Himolu, and Garjan.
- Fauna: It is home to rich and diverse wildlife, with 55 mammal species, 36 reptiles, and 3 amphibians.
- Major animals found here include the tiger, Asian elephant, one-horned rhinoceros, gaur, wild buffalo, swamp deer, and Gangetic dolphin.
- Rare species such as the golden langur, clouded leopard, fishing cat, pygmy hog, hispid hare, and red panda are also found in the park.
- Migratory birds such as river chats, forktails, cormorants, and ruddy shelducks visit the park seasonally. Hornbills, Finn’s baya, and Bengal florican are also found here, along with abundant butterflies and reptiles.
