Modern History Quiz: Growth of Revolutionary Organizations in India and Abroad | 1st Jan, 2021

The first revolutionary groups were organised in 1902 in Midnapore (under Jnanendranath Basu) and in Calcutta (the Anushilan Samiti founded by Promotha Mitter, and including JatindranathBanerjee, Barindra Kumar Ghosh and others.)
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 316 – 317.

In April 1906, an inner circle within Anushilan (Barindra Kumar Ghosh, Bhupendranath Dutta) started the weekly Yugantar and conducted a few abortive ‘actions’.
•By 1905 – 06, several newspapers had started advocating revolutionary violence.
•For instance, after severe police brutalities on participants of the Barisal Conference (April 1906), the Yugantar wrote: “The remedy lies with the people. The 30crore people inhabiting India must raise their 60crore hands to stop this curse of oppression. Force must be stopped by force.”
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 317.

The whole Anushilan group was arrested including the Ghosh brothers, Aurobindo and Barindra, who were tried in the Alipore conspiracy case, variously called Manicktolla bomb conspiracy or Muraripukur conspiracy.
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 317.

During the First World War, the Jugantar party arranged to import German arms and ammunition through sympathizers and revolutionaries abroad.
Jatin asked Rashbehari Bose to take charge of Upper India, aiming to bring about an all-India insurrection in what has come to be called the ‘German Plot’ or the ‘Zimmerman Plan’.
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 318 – 319.

The first of the revolutionary activities in Maharashtra was the organization of the Ramosi Peasant Force by Vasudev Balwant Phadke in 1879, which aimed to rid the country of the British by instigating an armed revolt by disrupting communication lines.
It hoped to raise funds for its activities through dacoities. It was suppressed prematurely.
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 320.

The Punjab extremism was fuelled by issues such as frequent famines coupled with rise in land revenue and irrigation tax, practice of ‘begar’ by zamindars and by the events in Bengal.
Among those active here were Lala Lajpat Rai who brought out Punjabee (with its motto of self-help at any cost).
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 320.

Shyamji Krishnavarma had started in London in 1905 an Indian Home Rule Society—‘India House’—as a centre for Indian students, a scholarship scheme to bring radical youth from India, and a journal The Indian Sociologist.
Revolutionaries such as Savarkar and Hardayal became the members of India House.
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 321.

The Ghadr Party was a revolutionary group organised around a weekly newspaper The Ghadr with its headquarters at San Francisco and branches along the US coast and in the Far East.
To carry out revolutionary activities, the earlier activists had set up a ‘Swadesh Sevak Home’ at Vancouver and ‘United India House’ at Seattle.
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 322 – 323.

The Berlin Committee for Indian Independence was established in 1915 by Virendranath Chattopadhyay, Bhupendranath Dutta, Lala Hardayal and others with the help of the German foreign office under ‘Zimmerman Plan’.
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 324.

1899—Mitra Mela—a secret society organised by Savarkar and his brother.
Source: Spectrum Modern India Page no, 326.