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News: The HPV vaccine is likely to be included in the National Immunisation Program after 2027.
About the National Immunisation Program
- India’s National Immunisation Program is officially known as the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP).
- Nodal ministry: It is a flagship initiative of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
- It aimed at providing free vaccination to children and pregnant women against preventable diseases.
- History:
- Expanded Programme on Immunisation was launched in 1978.
- It was renamed as the Universal Immunisation Programme in 1985.
- In 1992, the UIP was incorporated into the Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Programme and later, in 1997, into the National Reproductive and Child Health Programme.
- Since 2005, under the National Rural Health Mission, the UIP has become a central component of India’s public health efforts, focusing on ensuring that vaccines reach every child, even in the most remote parts of the country.
- Features:
- It is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions and is largely responsible for the reduction of the vaccine-preventable under-5 mortality rate.
- Under UIP, immunisation is provided free of cost against 12 vaccine-preventable diseases:
- Nationally against 9 diseases – Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Measles, Rubella, severe form of Childhood Tuberculosis, Hepatitis B and Meningitis & Pneumonia caused by Hemophilus Influenza type B
- Sub-nationally against 3 diseases – Rotavirus diarrhoea, Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Japanese Encephalitis. Japanese Encephalitis vaccine is provided only in endemic districts declared by the government.
- Note: A child is said to be fully immunised if the child receives all due vaccines as per the national immunisation schedule within 1st year age of child.
- Vaccines covered: It covers vaccines such as Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV), Rotavirus vaccine (RVV), Measles Rubella (MR) vaccine, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) and Tetanus and adult diphtheria (Td) vaccine, etc
- About U-WIN Portal: It provides a fully digitised record of vaccination for pregnant women and children from birth to 17 years under the Universal Immunisation Programme.
- It aims to streamline vaccine delivery and record-keeping, ensuring that every individual can easily access and manage their immunisation records.
- Current status: It has reached about 2.9 crore pregnant women and 2.54 crore newborns annually, free of cost.
About Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination
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