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News: On the occasion of Soybean Harvest Day, the yield potential of the improved soybean Varieties NRC 268 and NRC 270 was assessed.
About Soybean Cultivation in India
- Soybean (Glycine max) is a significant legume in the pea family (Fabaceae).
- It is known for its nitrogenfixing ability through symbiosis with soil bacteria
- Soybean is a nutritionally rich and industrially valuable crop, used in food, feed, and biobased industries
- Geographical condition for its growth:
- Temperature: It is highly sensitive to temperature throughout its life cycle. Optimum growth happens between 20°C and 35°C (with ideal ranges around 26.5°C to 30°C).
- Climate: It grows well in warm and moist climate.
- Rainfall: It is highly sensitive to water stress, particularly during critical growth phases such as flowering, pod development, and seed filling.
- Soil: A well drained, sandy loam to clayey soils with medium water holding capacity, rich in organic carbon is ideal.
- It requires pH between 6.0 and 7.5.
Soybean Production in India
- It is primarily grown as a Kharif crop in India.
- Soybean Producing states: It Is cultivated in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka.
- At present, the average soybean productivity in India is approximately 10–11 quintals per hectare.
- Scope of Improved Varieties: Improved soybean Varieties NRC 268 and NRC 270 are being devised by the ICAR for better yield.
- Research and trials conducted across the country indicate that yields of 15–20 quintals per hectare can be achieved by adopting improved varieties and appropriate production technologies.
- Under favourable conditions, yields may potentially reach approximately 22–25 quintals per hectare.
