The growing partnership between India and the U.K.

Source: The post the growing partnership between India and the U.K. has been created, based on the article “Propelling the U.K. and India story” published in “The Hindu” on 2nd August 2024

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2-international relations- Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests

Context: The article discusses the recent electoral victories of Modi in India and Starmer in the UK. It highlights the importance of the UK-India partnership, emphasizing trade, security, technology, and education. The article calls for a new roadmap to deepen this collaboration further.

For detailed information on Successes and challenges in the India-U.S. relationship read this article here

Why is India important globally?

1. Successful G-20 Presidency: India had a highly successful G-20 Presidency in 2023, showcasing its leadership on the global stage.
2. Moon Landing: India achieved a remarkable moon landing, highlighting its advancements in space technology.
3. Digital Public Infrastructure: India is a leader in digital public infrastructure, setting examples for other nations.
4. Economic Growth: India is soon to become the world’s third-largest economy, indicating its significant economic power.
5. Best ROI on R&D: India offers the best return on investment per dollar on R&D, as demonstrated by the Indian Space Research Organisation’s achievements.

What is the current state of UK-India trade?

1. The current state of UK-India trade is robust, with bilateral trade reaching £39 billion in 2023.
2. These investments support employment, with about eight lakh (800,000) people employed between the two countries due to this economic relationship.
3. The UK-India partnership, guided by the ‘2030 Roadmap,’ has successfully enhanced trade and investment flows, demonstrating a strong and growing economic bond.
4. The ongoing negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) indicate a commitment to further increase trade and economic collaboration.

How can the UK and India strengthen their partnership?

1. Finalize the UK-India Free Trade Agreement (FTA): This will lay the foundation for a robust partnership, enhancing trade and investment.
2. Enhance technology and R&D collaboration: India offers the best ROI per dollar on R&D, evidenced by the achievements of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). UK companies should partner with Indian firms and universities.
3. Expand healthcare cooperation: Both nations successfully developed malaria vaccines. The UK should increase clinical trials and healthcare research in India.
4. Boost climate financing and sustainability tech: British banks already provide billions in climate financing to India. Continue supporting innovative sustainability projects.
5. Implement business environment reforms in India: Facilitative tariff and standards regimes, better IP protection, and transparent government processes will attract more British investment.

What are key areas of alignment?

1. Science and Innovation: The landmark G2G agreement in 2023 highlights collaboration potential.
2. Defence and Security: The UK once provided most of India’s defence equipment. Now, the UK has only a 2.5% market share. India aims to indigenize and build reliable defence technology supply chains. India’s Defence Minister visited the UK in January 2024, indicating rising momentum.
3. Education: UK universities collaborate with Indian industry to develop talent. Transnational Education routes enhance higher education in India.

Question for practice:

Examine the key areas of alignment and suggested strategies for strengthening the UK-India partnership.