Trans-Arabian Pipeline

News: With Iran threatening the Strait of Hormuz, Gulf countries like Saudi Arabia and the UAE are accelerating efforts to reduce dependence on this chokepoint by expanding alternative infrastructure.

About Trans-Arabian Pipeline

• Trans-Arabian Pipeline is a crude oil pipeline located in southwestern Asia.
• It is also called the Tapline. 
• Operational from: It became operational in 1947 and was decommissioned in 1990. 
• It was the longest oil pipeline in the world when it was put into operation.
• Constructed by: The pipeline was built by a subsidiary of the Arabian American Oil Company (Aramco).
• Total length: Its total length is 1,213 km.
• Route of the pipeline:
  • It connected the Gulf oilfields with the Mediterranean port of Sidon, Lebanon and crossed through Jordan and Syria.
• The section of the line beyond Jordan ceased operation in 1976. 
• The pipeline between Saudi Arabia and Jordan carried small amounts of oil until it was shut down in 1990.
• Importance: It was highly significant in the past as it served as a major oil transport route, carrying over one-third of Aramco’s production and enabling efficient export to the Mediterranean.
  • Beyond its economic role, it transformed Saudi Arabia’s northern region by driving infrastructure development, improving connectivity, and bringing prosperity to areas along its route.
• Now, it is the first officially registered industrial heritage site in Saudi Arabia.