UN Report on India’s Population Growth

Source- This post on the UN Report on India’s Population Growth has been created based on the article “India’s population to peak at 1.7bn in 2060s, decline afterwards; China and Japan’s population to reduce significantly” published in “LiveMint” on 12 July 2024.

Key Hilghlights of the UN Report on India’s Population Growth

Key Highlights on Indian Population

1. According to a UN report, India’s population is projected to reach 1.5 billion by 2100 which will be double that of China’s projected 633 million.

2. Current Population: India’s current population is estimated at 1.451 billion which is nine million more than previously estimated two years ago.

3. By 2085, India’s population will be 1.61 billion, twice that of China’s 806 million.

4. India’s Demographic Transition: India’s population is expected to peak at 1.701 billion in 2061. The working-age population in India will peak by 2049, reaching 1.027 million.

5. Fertility Rates: India’s fertility rate fell below the replacement level of 2.1 in 2020 and is currently at 1.962.

Key Highlights on the Global Population

1. Global Population Rankings by 2100: By 2100, India and China will be followed in population rankings by Pakistan with 511 million people, Nigeria with 477 million, the Democratic Republic of the Congo with 431 million, and the United States with 421 million. The population growth in the United States will primarily be driven by immigration.

2. Global Population Trends: The global population is projected to peak at 10.29 billion in 2084. An aging China is expected to lose around half of its population over the next 75 years. The global fertility rate in 2024 is 2.25 births per woman, which is below the replacement level in over half of all countries.

3. Immigration and Population Growth: Immigration is expected to be a major driver of population growth in 62 countries through 2100. Many countries have already experienced population peaks due to low fertility rates.

4. Life Expectancy: Life expectancy has returned to pre-pandemic levels and is projected to increase to 77.4 years by 2054. By 2054, more than half of global deaths are likely to occur at age 80 or higher.

5. Child Mortality: The number of deaths among children under five fell below 5 million for the first time in 2023. However, high levels of child mortality persist in regions such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, India, Nigeria, and Pakistan.

UPSC Syllabus: Report