UPSC Prelims Marathon 30 April – Planning In India – 2025

With reference to the concept of “self-reliance” during India’s early Five Year Plans, consider the following statements:
1.Self-reliance aimed to reduce India’s dependence on imports, particularly food, technology, and capital.
2.Emphasis on self-reliance was seen as essential to protect India’s sovereignty from foreign interference.
3.Self-reliance completely eliminated all imports during the first seven Five Year Plans.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to land reforms in post-independence India, consider the following statements:
1.Land reforms primarily focused on the abolition of intermediaries and the introduction of land ceilings.
2.Land ceiling legislation faced hurdles due to legal challenges and exploitation of loopholes by big landlords.
3.Land reforms were equally successful across all Indian states.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Green Revolution in India, consider the following statements:
1.The first phase of the Green Revolution primarily benefited wheat-growing regions like Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
2.The Green Revolution led to India achieving self-sufficiency in food grains, reducing dependency on foreign nations.
3.The Green Revolution initially increased inequality among farmers because only large farmers could afford the inputs, and the government took no corrective measures.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the debate on agricultural subsidies in India, consider the following statements:
1.Subsidies were initially provided to encourage farmers, especially small farmers, to adopt the new HYV technology.
2.Critics argue that fertiliser subsidies primarily benefit the fertiliser industry and farmers in prosperous regions.
3.Supporters of subsidies advocate that eliminating them would reduce inequality between rich and poor farmers.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following best explains the major structural issue in India’s agricultural sector between 1950 and 1990?

With reference to the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 (IPR 1956), consider the following statements:
1.It classified industries into three categories based on ownership and control.
2.The government would exclusively own and operate industries categorized under the first category.
3.The private sector was completely free to start new industries without any government regulation.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the promotion of Small-Scale Industries (SSIs) in India after independence, consider the following statements:
1.Small-scale industries were promoted as they are more labour-intensive compared to large industries.
2.Certain products were reserved exclusively for manufacture by small-scale industries.
3.Small-scale industries were required to compete freely with large industries without any concessions.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to India’s trade policy during the first seven Five Year Plans, consider the following statements:
1.India adopted an inward-looking trade strategy known as import substitution.
2.Protectionist policies included the use of tariffs and quotas to restrict imports.
3.Serious efforts to promote exports were a major focus from the very beginning of planning in 1950.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?