Question No. 1
With reference to the political landscape in India following the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement, consider the following statements:
1.The transition of young nationalists toward revolutionary methods was a direct result of their disillusionment with both the Swarajists’ “council-entry” program and the No-changers’ patient constructive work.
2.The sudden cessation of the movement by Mahatma Gandhi led to a perceived “national insult,” prompting the youth to believe that non-violence was inherently incapable of overthrowing British rule.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Question No. 2
Regarding the Hindustan Republican Association (H.R.A.), consider the following statements:
1.While the organization was founded in Kanpur, its operational network effectively bridged the revolutionary groups of Punjab, United Provinces, and Bengal.
2.Its manifesto, titled “The Revolutionary,” envisioned the establishment of a Federal Republic of the United States of India based on universal suffrage.
3.The H.R.A. successfully organized the Kakori train robbery (1925) primarily to fund the procurement of sophisticated arms from abroad.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Question No. 3
With reference to the revolutionary movement in Bengal during the late 1920s, consider the following statements:
1.During the mid-1920s, the Yugantar and Anushilan groups often operated through the machinery of the Bengal Congress, aligning with different political factions within it.
2.The Chittagong Revolt Group, led by Surya Sen, aimed to seize armories and declare a provisional government to inspire a nationwide uprising.
3.The Chittagong raid was unique as it involved the first instance of women, such as Pritilata Waddedar and Kalpana Dutt, participating in active armed combat in Bengal.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Question No. 4
Consider the following statements regarding the factors that led to the revival of revolutionary activities in the 1920s:
1.Many revolutionary groups had voluntarily suspended their activities and embraced the non-cooperation initiative after being influenced by Mahatma Gandhi and C.R. Das.
2.The Bardoli resolution, which marked the abrupt cessation of the movement, acted as a catalyst for youth to return to secret societies and violent methods.
3.Leaders like Bhagat Singh and Chandrashekhar Azad, who emerged in this period, were formerly active volunteers of the Congress during the Non-Cooperation phase.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Question No. 5
In the context of the 1920s, which of the following were major influences on the ideological shift of Indian revolutionaries?
1.The emergence of a powerful working-class trade unionism, which demonstrated the potential of organized labor as a revolutionary force.
2.The success of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, which provided a new theoretical framework for linking anti-colonialism with the overthrow of capitalism.
3.Literary works such as Sarat Chandra Chatterjee’s Pather Dabi and Sachin Sanyal’s Bandi Jiwan, which served as handbooks for revolutionary recruitment.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Question No. 6
With reference to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), consider the following statements:
1.The organization was renamed to include “Socialist” during a historic meeting at Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi, in September 1928.
2.Its primary objective was the establishment of a socialist society in India, explicitly rejecting the idea of a simple transfer of power from British to Indian elites.
3.The leadership of HSRA was collective, though Chandrashekhar Azad served as its Commander-in-Chief.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Question No. 7
Consider the following statements regarding the Kakori Conspiracy Case:
1.It involved the looting of the 8-Down train carrying government treasury money near Lucknow to fund revolutionary arms procurement.
2.The trial resulted in the execution of four major leaders: Ramprasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, Roshan Singh, and Rajendra Lahiri.
3.The event dealt a massive blow to the H.R.A., as almost all its senior leaders were arrested, leaving Chandrashekhar Azad to rebuild the organization.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Question No. 8
Regarding the assassination of John Saunders in 1928, consider the following statements:
1.The act was a retaliatory measure for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, who succumbed to injuries sustained during a lathi charge while protesting the Simon Commission.
2.The HSRA intended to kill James A. Scott, the police official responsible for the lathi charge, but killed Saunders due to a case of mistaken identity.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Question No. 9
With reference to the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly, consider the following statements:
1.The bombs were thrown by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt as a protest against the passage of the Public Safety Bill and the Trade Dispute Bill.
2.The intention of the bombs was not to kill individuals but to “make the deaf hear,” using the subsequent trial as a platform for propaganda.
3.The revolutionaries voluntarily surrendered after throwing the bombs to ensure their message reached the masses through the court proceedings.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Question No. 10
Consider the following statements regarding the final phase of the HSRA leaders:
1.In the Lahore Conspiracy Case, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were executed on March 23, 1931, despite massive nationwide protests.
2.Jatin Das, a member of the HSRA, died in jail after a 63-day hunger strike demanding better conditions and political prisoner status for revolutionaries.
3.Chandrashekhar Azad was killed in a shootout with the police at Alfred Park, Allahabad, after he chose to shoot himself with his last bullet rather than be captured alive.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
