Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology

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News- The Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) and the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) have initiated a pilot project to explore the implementation of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology across the State.

V2G
Source- Servotech

About Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology

  • Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) refers to a system where electric vehicles (EVs) are capable of sending electricity back to the power grid when not in use.
  • When connected to a bi-directional charger, an idle EV acts as a decentralised battery energy storage device, supporting the distribution grid during peak demand or renewable energy (RE) variability.
  • Types of Power Flow:
    • Grid to Vehicle (G2V): The EV draws power from the grid and functions as a load.
    • Vehicle to Grid (V2G): The EV discharges stored power to the grid and functions as a source.
  • Benefits of V2G Technology:
    • Enhances grid stability and supports RE integration.
    • Enables demand response and reduces pressure on the grid.
    • Uses tools like Time of Use (ToU) tariffs and smart charging to align EV charging with grid efficiency.

Global Scenario

  • U.K., Netherlands, U.S. are actively piloting V2G systems.
  • California uses V2G in ancillary service markets to enhance grid reliability.

V2G in India

  • Still in the nascent stage.
  • Focus is currently on EV charging infrastructure.
  • The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) is preparing guidelines for reverse charging.
  • Some DISCOMs have initiated pilot projects on V2G and smart charging.
Other related technologies:

  • Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) is a subset of a broader concept known as Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)
  • Related technologies under V2X include:
    • Vehicle-to-Home (V2H): EV supplies power to a household.
    • Vehicle-to-Load (V2L): EV powers individual electrical devices or equipment.
    • Vehicle-to-Building (V2B): EV provides electricity to a commercial or residential building.
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