Introduction Indian Railways’ green transition is accelerating from pilots to platform-level change. The July 2025 hydrogen-coach trial, near-universal electrification, and rapid renewable integration signal a shift to cleaner traction, efficient assets, and freight rebalancing. Backed by sovereign green bonds, IRFC financing, and multilateral support, the programme targets net-zero by 2030. The agenda spans infrastructure, operations,… Continue reading A green transition accelerating at express speed
Category: 9 PM Daily Articles
Great Nicobar revives the issue of nature’s legal rights
UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3 – Ecology and Environment And Infrastructure Introduction Great Nicobar lies in a fragile island ecosystem that is a global biodiversity hotspot and carbon reservoir. A mainland-driven mega development plan— will affect about 13,000 hectares of forest.The project is also of critical importance for defence, logistics, commerce and industries, and… Continue reading Great Nicobar revives the issue of nature’s legal rights
Reforming Public Service Recruitment Exams in India
Source: The post “Reforming Public Service Recruitment Exams in India” has been created, based on “To mend a broken system” published in “Indian Express” on 13 October 2025. Reforming Public Service Recruitment Exams in India. UPSC Syllabus: GS Paper 2 – Governance Context: Trust is the bedrock of a functioning democracy. A society’s faith in… Continue reading Reforming Public Service Recruitment Exams in India
Radio reforms
Source: The post “Radio reforms” has been created, based on “Radio reforms” published in “Businessline” on 13 October 2025. Radio reforms. UPSC Syllabus: GS Paper 2 – Governance Context: While India has rapidly digitised sectors such as payments, cinema, and governance, FM broadcasting continues to operate in an analogue format. The first proposal to digitise… Continue reading Radio reforms
Curbing Cyber Frauds in Digital India
Source: The post “Curbing Cyber Frauds in Digital India” has been created, based on “Curbing Cyber Frauds in Digital India” published in “PIB” on 11 October 2025. Curbing Cyber Frauds in Digital India. UPSC Syllabus: GS Paper 2 – Governance Context: India’s cyberspace has expanded rapidly with over 86% of households now connected to the… Continue reading Curbing Cyber Frauds in Digital India
Relooking at Kabul
Introduction Afghanistan links South and Central Asia and often draws great-power rivalry. In 2021, the Taliban took power after a change of government. India then reset its approach: humanitarian aid first, a small technical team in Kabul, and no formal recognition—aimed at protecting interests and historical ties without overreach. After Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi’s… Continue reading Relooking at Kabul
Strengthening Startup Ecosystem through Prompt Biz Registration
Introduction India’s transformative decade has unleashed strong entrepreneurial growth. Company registrations are high, and new sectors—AI, drones, space, and clean tech—are rising. Yet progress slows due to manual registration and limited use of AI, blockchain, APIs, and cloud. With the ₹1 lakh crore RDI Scheme and a DeepTech Fund of Funds, the foundation is set… Continue reading Strengthening Startup Ecosystem through Prompt Biz Registration
Need to reposition SEZs for integrated national development
Source: The post “Need to reposition SEZs for integrated national development” has been created, based on “Reposition SEZs for integrated national development” published in “Business Line” on 11 October 2025. Need to reposition SEZs for integrated national development. UPSC Syllabus: GS Paper 2 – Governance Context: The Special Economic Zones Act, 2005 was enacted to… Continue reading Need to reposition SEZs for integrated national development
India has stakes in Gaza’s peace
Introduction Israel and Hamas have accepted the first phase of a US-backed ceasefire framework. Key actors—the PA, EU, and major Arab states—offer cautious support; Israel’s approval is reluctant, and Hamas questions disarmament. India welcomes the development and calls for a role in reconstruction India’s choices now hinge on balancing its principles—Palestinian sovereignty and humanitarian protection—with… Continue reading India has stakes in Gaza’s peace
AI for Inclusive Societal Development
UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3 -growth and development Introduction India’s growth cannot be inclusive if 490 million informal workers stay outside formal protections, skills, and productivity gains. AI and frontier technologies can help, but change will not happen by itself. Human intent, coordinated investments, and a supportive ecosystem must come together so technology becomes… Continue reading AI for Inclusive Societal Development
