UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2 and paper 3 –Social Sector Initiatives & Labour Reforms. Introduction India has entered a new phase of labour governance with the enforcement of four modernised Labour Codes on November 21, 2025. These reforms come at a crucial time when India, with one of the world’s largest and youngest workforces,… Continue reading Enabling a Modern and Future-Ready Labour Ecosystem
Category: 9 PM Daily Articles
Rise of Sovereign AI
Source: The post “Rise of Sovereign AI” has been created, based on “Rise of Sovereign AI” published in “Live Mint” on 27th November 2025. UPSC Syllabus: GS Paper Context: As the U.S. and China dominate global advances in artificial intelligence, many countries fear excessive dependence on these superpowers for a technology crucial to economic competitiveness… Continue reading Rise of Sovereign AI
Reversing Brain Drain through Institutional Reform
Source: The post “Reversing Brain Drain through Institutional Reform” has been created, based on “Reversing Brain Drain through Institutional Reform” published in “Indian Express” on 26th November 2025. UPSC Syllabus: GS Paper- 2- Governance Context: India’s plan to repatriate star Indian-origin faculty comes at a time when global academic environments, particularly in the US, are… Continue reading Reversing Brain Drain through Institutional Reform
Presidential opinion versus the federal structure
UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2-issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure. Introduction Recent developments, particularly the Supreme Court’s response to the 16th Presidential Reference, are seen as eroding federalism, a basic feature of the Constitution. The concern is that unelected constitutional authorities may override elected State governments, threatening democratic balance. About 16th Presidential… Continue reading Presidential opinion versus the federal structure
Custodial Deaths in India
Introduction Custodial deaths in India expose a serious failure of policing, accountability and respect for basic human rights. Despite clear constitutional protections and Supreme Court guidelines, torture and high-handed methods remain common in police custody. Data from official reports shows that investigations, convictions and relief to victims are rare, so this pattern of custodial torture… Continue reading Custodial Deaths in India
POSH Act Needs a Spine Today
Source: The post “POSH Act Needs a Spine Today” has been created, based on “Alandmark law in 2013, it needs a spine in 2025” published in “The Hindu” on 26th November 2025. UPSC Syllabus: GS Paper 2 -Governance Context: A recent case in Chandigarh saw a professor dismissed after a sexual harassment complaint was proven… Continue reading POSH Act Needs a Spine Today
How Hayli Gubbi Volcanic Eruption in Ethiopia is Disrupting the Air Routes
Source: The post “How Hayli Gubbi Volcanic Eruption in Ethiopia is Disrupting the Air Routes” has been created, based on “How Hayli Gubbi Volcanic Eruption in Ethiopia is Disrupting the Air Routes” published in “Indian Express” on 26th November 2025. UPSC Syllabus: GS Paper 2 -Governance Context: The recent eruption of the Hayli Gubbi volcano… Continue reading How Hayli Gubbi Volcanic Eruption in Ethiopia is Disrupting the Air Routes
USA-Saudi Arabia Relations and Impacts on India
UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2 –International Relations Introduction USA–Saudi Arabia ties rest on an 80-year-old, transactional “oil-for-security” alliance that now extends into defence, energy management and technology. The recent Summit, driven by the personal bond between U.S. President Donald Trump and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (MbS), is reshaping this partnership, altering the regional… Continue reading USA-Saudi Arabia Relations and Impacts on India
A Bank for G20
UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3 –Economy Introduction South Africa’s G20 presidency comes at a time of conflicts, climate stress, and a wider development crisis. The pandemic has reversed earlier gains against poverty and hunger and pushed 93 million more people into poverty. With earlier presidencies of Brazil and India refocusing the G20 on SDGs,… Continue reading A Bank for G20
Indian Aviation Can Soar to Greater Heights
Introduction India is poised to become the world’s third-largest aviation market, marking a transformative phase in its civil aviation sector. This growth is not merely in numbers but is underpinned by strategic reforms, infrastructure expansion, and a vision to integrate over a billion people with global connectivity. Aviation acts as a key driver of economic… Continue reading Indian Aviation Can Soar to Greater Heights
