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News: The Centre launched the ₹189.79-crore Mizoram Ginger Mission to promote GI-certified pharma-grade ginger through processing, branding and exports.
About Ginger
- Ginger is an herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, which also includes turmeric and cardamom.
- Economic Part: The rhizome of ginger is the main economic part.
- Key Components:
- Gingerol: It is the most abundant compound in fresh ginger, especially [6]-gingerol, and acts as a strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent.
- Shogaol: It is formed when ginger is dried or heated, and it is more pungent with enhanced therapeutic properties.
- Zingerone: It is produced during cooking and provides a milder and sweeter spiciness.
- Paradol: It develops through the transformation of shogaols over time and contributes to the spice profile of aged ginger.
- Climatic & Soil Requirements:
- Climate: Ginger requires a warm and humid climate and can grow up to an altitude of 1500 m.
- Temperature: The crop performs well in a temperature range of 19°C to 28°C.
- Rainfall: It requires moderate to high rainfall of about 1,500–2,500 mm annually or reliable irrigation, but it does not tolerate frost or prolonged drought.
- Soil: Ginger grows best in loose, fertile, well-drained loam or sandy-loam soils rich in organic matter.
- Uses: Ginger is widely used as a spice for flavouring and also for medicinal purposes.
- It is used in food preparations, confectionery, beverages, and in making ginger candy and preserves.
- Significance: Ginger contains a large amount of antioxidant compounds that help treat inflammatory conditions.
- Ginger supplementation also reduces fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, and apolipoprotein B levels.
- Other Aspects:
- Global Position: India contributes 30.48% of global ginger production, making it the world’s largest producer, consumer, and exporter of ginger.
- Major Producing States: Karnataka, Orissa, Gujarat, Assam, Meghalaya, and Arunachal Pradesh together contribute 65% of India’s total ginger production.
- Mizoram’s Recognition: NITI Aayog declared Mizoram as the “Ginger Capital of India” due to its high-quality organic ginger production.
