Author: Gaurav Yadav

The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ENSO Diagnostic Discussion Report (2026) states that El Niño is likely to emerge soon, with an 82% chance during May-July 2026 & a 96% chance of continuing through the winter of 2026-27. El Niño is a climate pattern that emerges sporadically along the equatorial Pacific and is… Continue reading El Nino: Concept & Impacts – Explained Pointwise

Startups have emerged as a vital pillar of India’s economic transformation, driving innovation, job creation, and inclusive development. Over the past decade, India has rapidly evolved into one of the world’s largest startup ecosystems, with more than 2 lakh startups as of December 2025 . Major hubs like Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Mumbai, and Delhi-NCR have been at the forefront of this transformation.… Continue reading Startups in India – Explained Pointwise

The Government is pushing hard for transition to Green Economy. One vital aspect of this transition is transition to Green Mobility. Enhancing the share of Electric Vehicles in transportation is necessary to ensure green mobility. As India strives to achieve its net-zero emissions target by 2070 and reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels, EVs are… Continue reading Adoption of EVs: Challenges and Solutions – Explained Pointwise

Summer air pollution has emerged as a growing environmental and public health concern in many Indian cities. Contrary to the common perception that air quality deteriorates only during winter, several urban centres now experience frequent pollution episodes during the summer months due to factors like disproportionate rise in PM10 levels & extreme heat. In March,… Continue reading Summer Air Pollution – Causes & Consequences – Explained Pointwise

Recently, the National Crime Records Bureau released the Prison Statistics India (PSI) 2024 report, providing a comprehensive overview of the country’s prison administration, inmate population, infrastructure, and correctional systems. The report indicates a marginal improvement in prison overcrowding, with the national occupancy rate declining from 120.8% in 2023 to 112.7% in 2024. However, it also… Continue reading Issues Related to Prisons & Prison Reforms – Explained Pointwise

Myanmar President U Min Aung Hlaing is currently on an official visit to India. It is his first foreign visit after assuming the presidency and reflects Myanmar’s efforts to enhance regional diplomatic engagement. During the visit, discussions are expected to focus on border security, connectivity projects, trade, economic cooperation, and cultural ties. The India-Myanmar relationship… Continue reading India-Myanmar Relations – Significance & Challenges – Explained Pointwise

Recently, the Supreme Court completely upheld the legal and constitutional validity of the Election Commission of India’s (ECI) Special Intensive Revision (SIR) exercise & also upheld the procedure followed by the EC. ECI, using its discretionary powers under Section 21(3) of Representation of People Act, 1950, conducted the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls… Continue reading Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of Electoral Rolls – Significance & Challenges – Explained Pointwise

India is witnessing a steady rise in nighttime temperatures due to climate change, rapid urbanisation, and changing land-use patterns. Unlike daytime heat, rising night temperatures prevent the atmosphere from cooling adequately after sunset, leading to prolonged heat stress for humans, agriculture, and ecosystems. This trend has become more pronounced in recent years, especially in urban… Continue reading Rising Nighttime Temperature – Reasons & Consequences – Explained Pointwise

Critical infrastructure and essential services are often taken for granted. Over the past few decades, these services have expanded significantly due to digital transformation driven by automation, the Internet of Things (IoT), and AI. However, the same connectivity that enhances efficiency has also widened the spectrum of risks and vulnerabilities. Table of Content What is… Continue reading Critical Infrastructure – Significance & Threats – Explained Pointwise

India is undergoing a profound demographic transition. While the country has long celebrated its “demographic dividend” of a young workforce, its population is graying at an unprecedented pace. According to the latest SRS data, India’s birth rate fell from 21 in 2014 to 18.3 in 2024; while death rate marginally went down from 6.7 to… Continue reading The Ageing Population of India & Elderly Care – Explained Pointwise