Global Water Crisis Warning

Source: The post Global Water Crisis Warning has been created, based on the article “A major new report makes the case for water as a global common good?” published in “Indian Express” on 21st October 2024

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3- Environment — Conservation.

Context: The article discusses a report by the Global Commission on the Economics of Water, warning of a looming global water crisis. It highlights the urgent need for better water management to prevent severe food production losses and economic impacts, especially in poorer countries.

What is the Global Water Crisis Warning?

1. The Global Commission on the Economics of Water, set up by the Netherlands in 2022, released a report warning that the global water crisis could worsen if no action is taken.
2. The report predicts that demand for freshwater will exceed supply by 40% by 2030.
3. The report states that over half of the world’s food production could be threatened if water management does not improve.
4. It also warns that the global GDP could drop by 8% by 2050, with poorer countries losing up to 15%.
5. The report highlights that many developing countries already suffer from water stress. More than 1,000 children die daily, primarily in poor nations, due to the lack of safe water access.
6. The report points out that subsidies in agriculture lead to wasteful water use, and industries are rarely punished for water pollution.
7. Globally, 80% of industrial wastewater is not recycled.

What is the Solution Proposed by the Commission?

1. Global Pact for Water Conservation: The Commission recommends a worldwide agreement to better manage and conserve water resources.
2. Adaptation to Local Contexts: Countries should tailor the global recommendations to their specific situations. For example, resolving internal water disputes is crucial for a country like India before it can commit to international agreements.
3. View Water as a Global Common Good: This shift in perspective is crucial for sustainable water management and encourages collective responsibility.

What are the Challenges in India?

1. India faces significant groundwater depletion, as noted in a 2018 NITI Aayog report.
2. Internal water disputes are a major challenge that needs to be addressed before participating in global efforts to conserve water.

For detailed information on Water Crisis in India read this article here

Question for practice:

Discuss the key warnings and proposed solutions from the Global Commission on the Economics of Water regarding the looming global water crisis.