Issues with Government Response to Forest fire

Source: The post issues with government response to forest fire has been created, based on the article “Uttarakhand Forest fires: Why villagers don’t help the state in risk management” published in “Indian express” on 1st July 2024

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper3- disaster and disaster management

Context: The article discusses the devastating forest fires in Uttarakhand’s Binsar forest. It highlights the problems caused by uncoordinated government efforts, inadequate resources, and poor infrastructure. It also suggests that involving and incentivizing local villagers could improve forest fire management.

For detailed information on Forest fire in India read Article1, Article2

What Happened in Binsar Forest?

A massive fire engulfed Uttarakhand’s Binsar forest, raging for days. Five firefighters died, and three were hospitalized. The fire reached very close to the sanctuary’s core.

Why Are Forest Fires Increasing?

1. Increase in Frequency and Severity: In the first half of this year, Uttarakhand reported 1,309 forest fires, a significant increase from 241 in the same period last year.
2. Climatic Factors: The temperature exceeded 30 degrees Celsius for the first time in the Binsar Forest region of Uttarakhand. This increase in temperature intensified the risk of forest fires, as chir pine leaves, which are highly flammable, contribute significantly to the spread of fires.
3. Human Factors: Carelessness with cigarette butts and mismanaged controlled burns exacerbate the situation. Additionally, there are reports of deliberate arson by villagers frustrated with restricted economic opportunities due to sanctuary policies.

What Are the Issues with Government Response to Forest fire?

1. Lack of Coordination: Different government agencies struggled to work together effectively.
2. Inadequate Resources: Firefighters lacked proper equipment, like fire-resistant clothing and oxygen masks. Most were untrained volunteers.
3. Poor Infrastructure: Bad roads prevented fire engines and ambulances from reaching the fire.
4. Local Involvement: Villagers, who used to help fight fires, are now less motivated due to lack of incentives.

How Can Future Fires Be Managed Better?

1. Improved Coordination: Better leadership is needed to manage different agencies.
2. Better Resources: The government should provide modern equipment and training for firefighters.
3. Infrastructure Improvement: Roads should be maintained to allow access during emergencies.
4. Involving Villagers: Incentives for villagers to help fight fires should be reintroduced, using their local expertise.

Question for practice:

Discuss the main factors contributing to the increase in forest fires in Uttarakhand’s Binsar forest and the challenges faced by the government in managing these fires.