A pollutant is defined as any form of energy or matter or action that causes a state of disequilibrium from the state of equilibrium in any existing natural ecosystem. Pollutants are those unnecessary materials that are barely degradable and cause harmful effects to the environment. TYPES OF POLLUTANTS On the basis of source of genesis… Continue reading Pollutants

There is a circulation of chemical nutrients like oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, and water, etc. through the physical and biological world; between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. These cycles are known as biogeochemical cycles. These cycles are natural pathways of the circulation of essential elements of life. For the survival of the major… Continue reading BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES

Ecological pyramids are the diagrammatic representations of the feeding relationship and energy transfers in the ecosystem. They are of three types: Pyramid of Numbers, Pyramid of Biomass and Pyramid of Energy. Pyramid of Numbers: It represents the relationship between number of individuals of primary producers and consumers at different trophic levels. It can be upright… Continue reading Ecological Pyramids

Food Chains A food chain describes how energy and nutrients move through an ecosystem. It basically shows who eats what in the ecosystem. Thus, the transfer of energy from the source in plants through a series of organisms by eating and being eaten constitutes food chains. At each transfer, a large proportion of energy is… Continue reading Food chains and Food webs