Source– This post is based on the article “What is the new Investor Risk Reduction Access platform, and how it stands to benefit investors” published in “The Indian Express” on 24th November 2023. Why in the News? SEBI has launched the Investor Risk Reduction Access (IRRA) platform, jointly developed by India’s stock exchanges. It will… Continue reading Investor Risk Reduction Access (IRRA) Platform
Author: sumeet kumar
Green Hydrogen Electrolyzer
Source- This post is based on the article “Finland, India discuss hydrogen electrolyzer production in India” published in “Live mint” on 23 November 2023. Why in the News? Finland and India recently discussed manufacturing green hydrogen electrolyzer in India. What is Green Hydrogen Electrolyzer? What is it? 1. A normal Hydrogen Electrolyzer is an electrochemical… Continue reading Green Hydrogen Electrolyzer
Social Audit under MGNREGS
Source– This post is based on the article “MGNREGS audit crosses 50% local bodies in just six States” published in “The Hindu” on 23 November 2023. Why in the News? Based on data from the Management Information System (MIS) on Social Audit of Union Ministry of Rural Development, it was found that only 6 states… Continue reading Social Audit under MGNREGS
Governor holds no veto power over Bills says Supreme Court
Source- This post is based on the article “Governor holds no veto power over Bills, says Supreme Court” published in “The Hindu” on 23 November 2023. Why in the News? The Supreme Court has held that a Governor, in case he withholds assent to a Bill, should return the bill to the legislature for reconsideration.… Continue reading Governor holds no veto power over Bills says Supreme Court
International Space Station turns 25
Source- This post is based on the article “International Space Station turns 25! Know all about this groundbreaking initiative” published in “The Financial Express” on 20 November 2023. Why in the News? The International Space Station has completed 25 years of its journey since the first module launched into orbit in 1998. What is the… Continue reading International Space Station turns 25
Operation Karuna
Source– This post is based on the article “India launches ‘Operation Karuna’ to assist cyclone-hit Myanmar” published in “The Hindu” on 18th May 2023. Why in the News? India launched ‘Operation Karuna’ to assist Myanmar which has been devastated by Cyclone Mocha. What is Operation Karuna? 1. India has launched “Operation Karuna” to provide humanitarian… Continue reading Operation Karuna
Source– This post is based on the article “Meet the Langlands Program, the world’s biggest maths project | Explained” published in “The Hindu” on November 21, 2023.
Why in the News?
Langlands Program provides a beautifully intricate set of connections between various areas of mathematics, pointing the way toward novel solutions for old problems in mathematics.
What is the Langlands Program?
| Aspect | Details |
| What is it? | 1. It is the world’s biggest maths project and can be likened to building bridges across mathematical cultures with different objects and languages. 2. It is named after Robert Langlands, a mathematician at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. 3. In 2018, he was awarded the Abel Prize for “his visionary program connecting representation theory to number theory” |
| Objective | To find connections between two far-flung areas of mathematics – number theory and harmonic analysis. – It seeks to do this by connecting every Galois group with automorphic functions, allowing mathematicians to investigate polynomial equations using tools from calculus. |
| Initiation | 1967 |
| Significance of the program | 1. Solving old Maths problems– In 1994, Andrew Wiles and Richard Taylor applied Langlands’ conjectures to prove Fermat’s last theorem. 2. Creating new functions– It can help mathematicians create new automorphic functions from preexisting ones. Such efforts could be crucial to prove the Ramanujan conjectures (speculations), many of which remain unsolved. 3. Can evolve into new fields of mathematics– For example, Geometric Langlands. It investigates connections between algebraic geometry and representation theory. 4. Multidisciplinary significance– Mathematicians have suggested connections between Geometric Langlands and physics, particularly for studying electromagnetic waves. |
Note-
1. Number theory: It is the arithmetic study of numbers and the relationships between them. For example, the pythagoras theorem.
2. Harmonic analysis: It is interested in the study of periodic phenomena. Unlike number theorists, who deal with discrete arithmetic’s (like integers), harmonic analysts deal with mathematical objects more continuous in nature (like waves).
3. Galois group: In 1832, mathematician Évariste Galois concluded that it is impossible to have a general formula to find the precise roots of polynomial equations and instead suggested focusing on symmetries between roots as an alternate route. Galois group is a collection of such symmetries of the roots of a polynomial equation.
4. Automorphic functions: Functions that turn back into themselves when the variables are changed by some process are called automorphic functions. The sine function is a simple example.
UPSC Syllabus- Science & Technology
The OECD report on climate finance
Source– This post is based on the article “The OECD Report on Climate Finance” published in “The Hindu” on 21 November 2023. Why in the News? The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has published a new assessment report on climate finance ahead of the UN climate summit (COP28) in Dubai, UAE. What is… Continue reading The OECD report on climate finance
Governor’s right to withhold assent
Source– This post is based on the article “Governor’s right to withhold assent: The constitutional question before Supreme Court” published in “The Indian Express” on 21 November 2023. Why in the News? Recently Tamil Nadu’s Governor R N Ravi’s decision to withhold assent to 10 pending Bills has raised fresh legal questions on the powers… Continue reading Governor’s right to withhold assent
National Pharmacy Commission Bill 2023
Source– This post is based on the article “Draft National Pharmacy Commission Bill released” published in “The Hindu” on 20th November 2023. Why in the News? The Union Health Ministry has sought comments from the general public on the proposed National Pharmacy Commission Bill, 2023. What is National Pharmacy Commission Bill, 2023? Prepared by Union… Continue reading National Pharmacy Commission Bill 2023
