Author: ForumIAS

Gross National Happiness is a term coined by His Majesty the Fourth King of Bhutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuck in the 1970s.  Gross national happiness (GNH) measures economic and moral progress as an alternative to gross domestic product measurement in Bhutan.  The concept implies that sustainable development should take a holistic approach towards notions of progress and give equal importance… Continue reading Gross Happiness Index (GHI)

What is the New GDP Methodology in India? In 2015 Central Statistics Office (CSO) introduced few changes in the GDP calculation. They are:  Change of base year from 2004-2005 to 2011-2012 National Statistical Commission advised to revise the base year of all economic indices every five years. Based on that CSO changed the Base year  Recently The Ministry of Statistics… Continue reading Changes brought in GDP calculations in 2015

What is the difference between GVA and GDP? Gross value added (GVA) is the value addition done to a product resulting in the production of final product whereas Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total value of products produced in the country.  While GDP gives a picture of whole economy, GVA gives pictures at enterprises,… Continue reading Difference between GVA and GDP

What is Gross Value Added ?  The term that is used to denote the net contribution made by a firm is called its value added  The raw materials that a firm buys from another firm which are completely used up in the process of production are called ‘intermediate goods’.  Therefore  Value added of a firm… Continue reading Gross value Addition (GVA)

This method approaches national income from distribution side. In other words, this method measures national income at the phase of distribution and appears as income paid and or received by individuals of the country.   National income is obtained by summing up of the incomes of all individuals of a country. Individuals earn incomes by contributing their… Continue reading Income Method in GDP calculation

This method is also called as Output Method or Value Added Method  In this model economy is divided into different industrial sector such as agriculture, fishing, mining, construction, manufacturing, trade and commerce, transport and communication etc. Then, the net value added by each productive enterprises as well as by each industry or sector is estimated.   Net… Continue reading Production Method (GVA) in GDP calculation

Final goods and services produced in a country during a period of time are taken into account under the expenditure method of calculating National Income or Gross Domestic Product. In this method, the final expenditure made by each stakeholder is taken into account Final expenditure is that part of the expenditure that is undertaken not… Continue reading Expenditure Method in calculating GDP

What is Factor Cost and how it is different from Market Price? Factor cost is the total amount which the manufacturer had to invest in production of a good or commodity. It doesn’t include any taxes imposed on the final product. But it includes the subsidies provided to the manufacturer during the production stage Market Price: It… Continue reading Factor Price and Market Price

What is Nominal GDP and Real GDP ? and What is GDP Deflator?  Nominal GDP refers to the current year production of final goods and services valued at current year prices.  Real GDP refers to the current year production of goods and service valued at base year prices. Base year prices are constant prices.  Currently, the base year for GDP calculation is 2011-12.  What is… Continue reading Nominal GDP and Real GDP and GDP Deflator