The Supreme Court in the Berubari Union case (1960) held that the “Preamble is not a part of the Constitution.” It further said the Preamble can be used as a guiding principle if a term in any article of the Constitution is ambiguous or has more than one meaning.  Later in Kesavanand Bharti case (1973), the Supreme Court reversed its… Continue reading Preamble is a part of constitution of India

Bureaucracy refers to an administrative policy-implementation group, which is a body of non-elected government officials.   The major objective of bureaucracy in India has not been Parliamentary democracy’s expansion but rather the implementation of the decisions taken by the executive. With All India Services at the helm of major bureaucratic structure, it cannot be said that strengthening of… Continue reading Bureaucracy is an agency for the implementation of public policy

The basic structure doctrine is not defined by the Constitution. It is rather a judicial invention that came through Kesavananda Bharati vs State of Kerala case (1973). Supreme Court said that the Constitution of India has certain basic features that cannot be altered or destroyed through the provisions of amendment, by the Parliament of India, as mentioned in the Constitution… Continue reading Basic structure not defined by Constitution of India